A study examined three partisan Irish-American newspapers ("Irish World,""Gaelic-American," and the "Leader") representative of the Irish-American press before the First World War. The newspapers appealed to different constituencies, had contrasting orientations, and enjoyed substantial influence within the…

A study evaluated the beginnings of the Minnesota Press Council in 1971, particularly the thinking of those involved in the earliest stages of the formation of the council. Oral history interviews with two people involved in the establishment of the council were supplemented with minutes of meetings and compared to an earlier study of the council…

Looks at how intellectuals in the second quarter of the twentieth century responded to the rise of radio broadcasting, recovering some rich ideas about interactivity and intimacy in mass communication. Suggests that radio and television marked the end of mass communication understood as a form of communication that constitutes its audience and…

Profiles Trude Weiss-Rosmarin, a German-Jewish immigrant to America who, in 1935, published an independent magazine of Jewish ideas. Notes that the periodical focused on Jewish survival in an assimilationist milieu and the role of Jewish women. States that Weiss-Rosmarin lectured frequently, attracted important readers, and contributed…

While the founders of the penny press did not set out to establish a truer form of journalism, they did popularize both low prices for newspapers and newspaper economics based on sales instead of political party backing. The history of "The Sun,""The Herald," and "The Tribune" disprove the idea (advanced by journalism…

Examining the other side of the textbook image of the role of the early 20th century press as "crusader," this book presents a policy history of government regulation of the print media's business practices in the early 20th century. The first part of the book documents the press's inner workings,including its excesses and abuses, as it…

A case study examined a 1920 controversy between two newspapers. One of the last vestiges of the era of "yellow journalism" was the editorial "war" between the Kansas City "Star" and the Kansas City "Post" which culminated in a 1921 showdown. The "Star," a champion of main street interests and…

Estimated impact of exogenous social and political events on suicide behavior in the United States between 1910 and 1920. Concluded that World War I did not influence suicide; Great Influenza Epidemic caused suicide to increase; and continuing decline in alcohol consumption from 1910 to 1920 depressed national suicide rates. (Author/NB)

The originators of municipal radio station WNYC foresaw radio as a means of extending city government and an instrument to educate, inform, and entertain the citizens. Because the municipal radio concept emerged in the early 1920s, before the medium's industrial structure was entrenched, an opportunity existed to develop an innovative model of…

Examines television news coverage of the first days of the 1979 Iranian hostage crisis. Discovers patterns that reinforce terrorist strategy by focusing causation for the crisis on institutional targets and suggesting that military intervention would reestablish control. Suggests that media portrayals of terrorist events support the rhetorical…

Examines the case of Dr. Karl Muck, conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra who was accused of espionage in 1917. Suggests that the espionage charge was a fiction created by newspapers, beginning with "The Providence Journal." Concludes that Muck admitted to being a spy rather than reveal the name of the woman with whom he had an…

This paper argues that the Children's Television Act of 1990 (CTA) required television broadcasters to air educational and informational children's programming, but Federal Communications Commission (FCC) policy did little to clarify the definition of "educational and informational." The paper first examines the historical…

Albert Einstein and the Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists (ECAS) conducted a reform-based public communication campaign for the international control of atomic energy after the Second World War. The Committee raised funds and sought publicity for its proposed solution to the problem of war and the management of peace. Its solution was the…

In light of the political and economic transition currently facing the Republic of Korea (ROK), this paper investigates the history of press freedom in that country, in connection with economic growth and political history. The paper examines: (1) the development of newspapers in South Korea; (2) the role of the press in the early years of the…

The pro-German American newspaper "The Fatherland," published shortly before the United States entered the First World War (1914-1917), displayed a failure of public relations in terms of defining and offering themes likely to convince a target audience to side with Germany. By looking at a public relations campaign undertaken by the…