The papers reprinted in this volume carry out the "distributional method," i.e., the analysis of occurrence restrictions, beyond phonemics. This methodological approach, of defining more freely combining new elements on the basis of occurrence restrictions of old elements, has proved applicable in many situations in structural…

Revised version of a paper supported by a National Science Foundation graduate fellowship. The universal base hypothesis states that all natural languages utilize the same base component in their transformational grammars. (DD)

Explores policy, practice, and research issues related to teaching and learning mathematics in multilingual classrooms in South Africa. Focuses on code-switching in multilingual mathematics classrooms. Points to the significance of language as power in mathematics education settings. Demonstrates the need for researching the relationship between…

Contends that, though much attention is given in mathematics to the problem of sensitizing people to the need for identifying elements of a situation and representing them symbolically, little or no effort is devoted to the problem of helping them express the relationships among these elements. (11 references) (MKR)

Various computer applications in linguistics, primarily speech synthesis and machine translation, are reviewed. Although the computer proves useful for statistics, dictionary building and programmed instruction, the promulgation of a world auxiliary language is considered a more human and practical solution to the international communication…

This paper describes a project concerned with the understanding of natural language by computers. The project involves the development of both a theoretical model of natural language processing by computer and an actual implementation of the theory. The specific implementation chosen is a question-answering system for elementary mathematics which…

The final report on a project to develop a standard corpus of present-day Mandarin Chinese is presented. This corpus consists of words of running text of Chinese prose printed in the Republic of China during the calendar year 1968. The corpus, although originally planned to have a total of 500 samples of 2000 words each, has only 294 samples. Each…

This discussion focuses on the problem computer users have in coding basic, traditional algebraic expressions into simple, all-on-one-line expressions as result of their heavy dependence on juxtaposition notation. (MN)

A major component of student difficulty with algebra is the inability to make sense of the algebra symbol system as a language. Accordingly, remedies should be sought by considering algebra in a linguistic sense. (PK)

Ideas which apply language concepts to the study of algebra are presented. Discussed are algebraic notation, vocabulary, vocalization, and written assignments. The careful use of algebraic language in mathematics classes is emphasized. (CW)

This paper documents a culturally specific language strength for developing number sense among Oneida- and Lakota-speaking primary students. Qualitative research methods scaffolded this research study: culture informants were interviewed and interviews were transcribed and coded for analysis; culture documents were selected for analysis; and…

The author presents an organizational model which exhibits relationships among preservcie teachers' skills in the use of interpretation of logical connectives in mathematical contexts. The model also provides direction to teahcers of courses on mathematics and mathematics methods who seek to acquaint their students with those notions of logic…

As part of a continuing project of language analysis, SURC presents its final manual. This manual is an explanation of the procedures used to collect and analyze data for this project. After explaining the theory and application of the methodology, the manual discusses specific problems encountered in the design, administration, and analysis of…