The approaches taken to psychological research are discussed. Studies are classified as axiomatic, classical, stochastic or statistical, or structural. The mathematical models used in each type of study are discussed. (SD)

A sophomore-level course in applications of mathematics was designed to introduce students to the diversity of situations in which mathematical models are used. The course precedes the study of the calculus, and is composed of a sequence of modules. A problem-solving approach is used. (SD)

Several models of grading variability are presented. It is shown that study of the models brings out some of the implications of various grading systems. (MK)