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Schulman, Robert S.; Haden, Richard L. – Psychometrika, 1975
A model is proposed for the description of ordinal test scores based on the definition of true score as expected rank; its deviations are compared with results from classical test theory. An unbiased estimator of population true score from sample data is calculated. Score variance and population reliability are examined. (Author/BJG)
Descriptors: Career Development, Mathematical Models, Test Reliability, Test Theory
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Huynh, Huynh – Psychometrika, 1977
A model for the setting of mastery cut scores is presented. The model, based on the beta-binomial test distribution, allows for hand calculation of cut scores. The model provides a simple way to explore the consequences of selecting a particular cut score. (Author/JKS)
Descriptors: Career Development, Cutting Scores, Mastery Tests, Mathematical Models
Levine, Michael V. – 1976
The relatively hard problem of transforming a given set of curves to curves with the same shape can sometimes be reduced to the easier problem of rendering curves parallel. In this paper a group is associated with the given curves, and it is shown that the reduction from the hard problem to the easy problem is valid whenever the group is…
Descriptors: Career Development, Latent Trait Theory, Mathematical Applications, Mathematical Models
Kearns, Jack – 1974
Empirical Bayes point estimates of true score may be obtained if the distribution of observed score for a fixed examinee is approximated in one of several ways by a well-known compound binomial model. The Bayes estimates of true score may be expressed in terms of the observed score distribution and the distribution of a hypothetical binomial test.…
Descriptors: Career Development, Error Patterns, Expectation, Mathematical Models
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Zimmerman, Donald W. – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1976
Using the concepts of conditional probability, conditional expectation, and conditional independence, the main results of the classical test theory model can be derived in a very few steps with minimal assumptions. The present effort explores the possibility that present classical test theories can be further condensed. (Author/RC)
Descriptors: Career Development, Correlation, Mathematical Models, Measurement
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Schulman, Robert S. – Psychometrika, 1979
An alternative to the uniform probability distribution model for ordinal data is considered. Implications for statistics and for test theory are discussed. (JKS)
Descriptors: Career Development, Correlation, Mathematical Models, Nonparametric Statistics
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Lovett, Hubert T. – 1975
The reliability of a criterion referenced test was defined as a measure of the degree to which the test discriminates between an individual's level of performance and a predetermined criterion level. The variances of observed and true scores were defined as the squared deviation of the score from the criterion. Based on these definitions and the…
Descriptors: Career Development, Comparative Analysis, Criterion Referenced Tests, Mathematical Models
Samejima, Fumiko – 1977
A method of estimating the operating characteristics of a new test item added to an established test without assuming a prior model has been proposed by the author. In this paper, the author extends this logic by proposing a different hypothesized distribution of the resulting estimate. The former method used a normal approximation; the present…
Descriptors: Adaptive Testing, Career Development, Correlation, Error of Measurement
Ryan, Joseph P.; Hamm, Debra W. – 1976
A procedure is described for increasing the reliability of tests after they have been given and for developing shorter but more reliable tests. Eight tests administered to 200 graduate students studying educational research are analyzed. The analysis considers the original tests, the items loading on the first factor of the test, and the items…
Descriptors: Career Development, Factor Analysis, Factor Structure, Item Analysis
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Cook, Linda L.; Hambleton, Ronald K. – 1978
Latent trait models may offer considerable potential for the improvement of educational measurement practices, but until recently, they have received only limited attention from measurement specialists. This paper provides a brief introduction to latent trait models, and provides test practitioners with a non-technical introduction to the…
Descriptors: Career Development, Criterion Referenced Tests, Difficulty Level, Item Analysis
Marshall, J. Laird – 1976
A summary is provided of the rationale for questioning the applicability of classical reliability measures to criterion referenced tests; an extension of the classical theory of true and error scores to incorporate a theory of dichotomous decisions; a presentation of the mean split-half coefficient of agreement, a single-administration test index…
Descriptors: Career Development, Computer Programs, Criterion Referenced Tests, Decision Making
Curry, Allen R.; And Others – 1978
The efficacy of employing subsets of items from a calibrated item pool to estimate the Rasch model person parameters was investigated. Specifically, the degree of invariance of Rasch model ability-parameter estimates was examined across differing collections of simulated items. The ability-parameter estimates were obtained from a simulation of…
Descriptors: Career Development, Difficulty Level, Equated Scores, Error of Measurement
Cliff, Norman; And Others – 1978
The research from a four-year project of implied orders tailored testing is summarized. The method of implied orders testing combines the principles of ordinal measurement with the concept of the Guttman scale as an ideal. The basic principle for dichotomous items is that either an item is missed and "dominates" a person or it is answered…
Descriptors: Adaptive Testing, Career Development, Computer Assisted Testing, Group Testing
Tatsuoka, Kikumi K.; Tatsuoka, Maurice M. – 1978
The family of Weibull distributions was investigated as a model for the distributions of response times for items in computer-based criterion-referenced tests. The fit of these distributions were, with a few exceptions, good to excellent according to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. For a few relatively simple items, the two-parameter gamma…
Descriptors: Career Development, Computer Assisted Instruction, Computer Assisted Testing, Criterion Referenced Tests
Cohen, Allan S., Comp. – 1979
This partially annotated bibliography of journal articles, dissertations, convention papers, research reports, and a few books and unpublished manuscripts provides a comprehensive coverage of work on latent trait theory and practice. Documents are arranged alphabetically by author. The period covered ranges from the early 1950's to the present.…
Descriptors: Attitude Measures, Career Development, Computer Assisted Testing, Computer Programs
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