Differences in the meaning of the terms "learning" and "achievement" are discussed, with implications for appraisal, placement, curriculum, and instruction. Visual discrimination learning, paired associate learning, adapting to learning, and learning to learn are illustrated with references to learning disabled students. (MNS)

Provides a review of the literature related to math anxiety, indicating that society needs to eradicate the myth that females are more anxious about mathematics than males. Several options for eliminating math avoidance and math anxiety are considered. (JN)

Describes a study that explores secondary school students' conceptions of division by zero. Examines whether students identify expressions involving division by zero as undefined or tend to assign them numerical values. Studies students' justifications and analyzes the effects of age and level of achievement in mathematics on students' responses…

Two authors introduce the topic of visualization in mathematics education. Fourteen articles are briefly described. (YP)

Examines the options of academic acceleration and enrichment for maintaining high levels of challenge, interest, and achievement in children who are extremely gifted in mathematics. Recommends acceleration combined with enrichment as the best option. (34 references) (MKR)

Assessment practices as determined from a literature review are discussed within the categories of screening, classification, instruction, and related issues. A range of instruments was found to be used. (MNS)

High school consumer mathematics classes at a state school for the deaf were observed to find particular areas of difficulties in mathematics vocabulary learning and understanding. Classroom anecdotes are discussed along with possible causes and recommendations. (Contains 14 references.) (Author)

Evaluated the effectiveness in a community college of the Professional Development Program, in which (n=80) mostly minority precalculus students attend workshops utilizing small study groups, faculty leadership, challenging mathematical materials, and peer support networks. No overall effect on student performance was found. Includes postinterview…

Contains a research based discussion of the importance of teacher expectations. Lists 20 suggestions from research that will help facilitate positive and realistic self-concepts in students. (PK)

Describes a form of adaptive communication, referred to as single switch technology, as a method for assessing and developing mathematics skills of speech and motor disabled students. Provides a BASIC program to illustrate a basic single switch mathematics program. (MDH)

Tests of (n=105) ninth-grade algebra students involving the addition and multiplication of monomials found that common, systematic errors made when multiplying monomials were related logically to the symbolism used and the algebraic convention of using an implicit 1 as an exponent. (16 references) (MKR)

Describes Math Clinic, a remedial program to diagnose and remediate elementary school students' mathematical concepts. Provides details about the program's objectives; student recruitment; how to apply to the program; diagnosis and identification of participants' achievement, mathematical difficulties, and attitudes toward mathematics; and…

Presents guidelines for developing and evaluating games in mathematics, including a concrete example--coordinate geometry taught by the Rubber Bones game--and its evaluation using (n=52) seventh graders. Guidelines for development include analysis of the concepts and the learner, nature of learning, enjoyability, integration, and evaluation. (48…

Presents the major findings identified by a commission that examined research issues in diagnostic and prescriptive mathematics. Addresses the diagnostic process with regard to curriculum, instruction, learners, teacher education, clinics, and the mathematics education community. (TW)

Discusses the use of the computer to encourage a versatile approach to learning involving both symbolic/logical and visual/holistic types of mental activity. Provides experimental data showing the effect of an enhanced Socratic mode of teaching. (YP)