An important topic of study in secondary mathematics is non-linear functions, including quadratic equations. In this study, findings from 25 Year 11 students indicated that difficulties with critical prerequisite concepts such as algebraic conventions impeded students' success in understanding and working with quadratics. Analysis of student…

For Freudenthal, the practice of mathematics in the curriculum is not a set of predetermined theories, goals and means. On the contrary, it is always associated with positively understood phenomenological processes in mathematics, as the curriculum is often used in conjunction with the transformation or development of practice. For Freudenthal…

We describe here lessons learned in designing an early algebra curriculum to measure early algebra's impact on children's algebra readiness for middle grades. The curriculum was developed to supplement regular mathematics instruction in Grades K-5. Lessons learned centered around the importance of several key factors, including using conceptual…

Mathematics educators have argued for some time that elementary school students are capable of engaging in algebraic thinking and should be provided with rich opportunities to do so. Recent initiatives like the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM) (CCSSI 2010) have taken up this call by reiterating the place of early algebra in…

The paper uses digital fabrication as a learning environment to demonstrate the importance of conceptual understanding of one-variable inequalities. These inequalities are hidden within two-variable inequalities used to construct geometric shapes the borders of which are the graphs of basic functions from the secondary mathematics curriculum. As…

How can children's natural perceptuo-motor skills be harnessed for teaching and learning mathematical structure? We address this question in the case of the integers. Existing research suggests that adult mental representations of integers recruit perceptuo-motor functionalities involving symmetry. Building on these findings, we designed a…

All teachers, especially high school teachers, face the challenge of ensuring that students have opportunities to relate and connect the various representations and notions of mathematics concepts developed over the course of the pre-K-12 mathematics curriculum. NCTM's (2000) Representation Standard emphasizes the importance of students being…

This paper focuses on student understanding and learning of the algebraic concept--rate of change. Teachers' knowledge about their students and current literature on students' understanding is used to design and assess the instruments. Data were obtained as part of two-year research program that focused on how the study of students' understanding…

Presents a summary report of the Algebra Working Group's discussion subgroup on secondary algebra at the Seventh International Conference on Mathematical Education held in Quebec City, Canada in August 1992. Three appendixes include the reactions to the keynote addresses in this issue. (MKR)

Establishes six levels from an inductive proof to an algebraic demonstration on the bases of three axes in lower secondary school mathematics. Examines the meanings of demonstration and proof in lower secondary school mathematics and shows the relationships between them. Illustrates the discussion with a seventh grade student's activities.…

Extends O'Callaghan's computer-intensive algebra study by using his component competencies and the process-object framework to investigate the effects of a graphing-approach curriculum employing the TI-82 graphing calculator. Concludes that students in the graphing-approach classes demonstrated significantly better understanding of functions on…

Discusses the implications of a research study of more than 2000 students aged 11 to 15 that explored why the students interpret algebra in certain ways. Recommends strategies that can help teachers deal with prior knowledge that students may bring to their study of algebra. (DDR)

A brief overview is given of a research project funded to investigate the cause and cure of errors in ratio and proportion, algebra, and fractions. Choosing pertinent information, interviewing students, listing significant features, developing lessons, and testing the materials are considered. (MNS)

Reports that students frequently confuse meanings of terms and misunderstand function-related concepts. Also, providing mental images of functions is often limited to elementary algebra examples. This article describes a game which can help create conceptual links between the function properties and their various representations. (PK)

Examples of relatively novel computer software environments from the representation perspective are described. Even more novel approaches to curriculum reform to cultivate higher-order thinking skills are then discussed. (MNS)