The author redefines basic numeracy as the ability to use a four-function calculator sensibly. He then defines "sensibly" and considers the place of algorithms in the scheme of mathematical calculations. (MN)

A subtraction algorithm for numbers having several digits is described. The algorithm requires that, for digits in the same place, the smaller is always subtracted from the larger. (SD)

Three alternative methods of finding averages of two numbers are presented. (MP)

Interesting mathematical questions that require computations involving fractions, percentages, and decimals are presented. The material is designed for students in the middle school grades, but many of the ideas could be used with higher or lower level pupils. (MP)

The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) 1978 Yearbook contains fourteen articles covering a broad spectrum of computational topics. The first article considers the role of computational skills in the world of today and tomorrow. Several articles focus attention on how to help children master the basic facts. Algorithms for…

Algorithms for the four basic operations on whole numbers are described; these algorithms provide for sequential recording of all steps in the operations. (SD)

The changing role of computational skills is discussed. A level of computational skill desirable in light of predictable future needs is proposed, and four reasons for advocating that level are discussed. (MN)

Assessment data on student achievement are analyzed to trace performance on some computational skills, with areas of needed improvement identified. (MN)

In a two-year study, frequencies and descriptions of systematic errors in four algorithms in arithmetic were studied in regular and special education classrooms. (Author/SD)

Students who were unsuccessful in performing long division were taught to use a successive subtractions algorithm. (SD)

The author argues that secondary-school teachers need to be more aware of the content of primary level mathematics work. Citing an algorithm, he discusses the issue of basic skills in relation to the increasing use of calculators. (SD)

Various algorithms used in addition, subtraction, and division problems were identified. The percentages of people in the National Assessment survey populations using each method are reported, as are the percentages of those using the most popular methods who answered correctly. Implications for instruction are discussed. (SD) Aspect of National…

Raises and responds to questions about what and how to teach mathematics with the availability of calculators to all students. Discusses whether students need basic facts, mechanical skills, and knowledge of computational algorithms. Argues that students need to develop number sense and analytical skills using simple, symbolic, and graphing…

Eight sixth-grade students received individualized instruction on the addition and subtraction of fractions in a one-to-one setting for 6 weeks. Instruction was specifically designed to build upon the student's prior knowledge of fractions. It was determined that all students possessed a rich store of prior knowledge about parts of wholes in real…