In the United States, after approximately 90 days of English language programs, refugee adults are placed in the mainstream, where they face enormous challenges including navigating bus schedules, buying groceries with a different monetary system, shopping for necessities, and applying for needed social services. The complexity of the mathematics…

The International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) Research for Education series represents a further effort by IEA to capitalize on it's unique datasets, so as to provide powerful information for policymakers and researchers. Each report focuses on a specific topic and is produced by a dedicated team of leading…

In this pedagogical reflection, a White mathematics teacher educator describes what she learned from three Latina pre-service teachers who were recent immigrants from Mexico while they completed an elementary mathematics methods course. Using Rochelle Gutierrez's (2012) metaphor of a window and mirror, the author interrogates her own identity and…

This study investigates the role of cultural beliefs and practices in teaching. The focus is the process of socialization by which students learn to deal with mistakes. Analyzed are teacher-student interactions surrounding mistakes videotaped in 30 Italian and 30 U.S. eighth-grade mathematics lessons. These are complemented by interviews with…