Graph theory allows the student to work on problems that require imagination, intuition, systematic exploration, conjecturing, and reasoning. It implies that mathematical investigation skill is essential to be proficient in Graph Theory. In this study, we conduct empirical research that deals with associational research. There were 97 students…

Researchers have recommended using tasks that support students in reasoning covariationally to build productive meanings for graphs, rates of change, exponential growth, and more. However, not many recent studies have been done to identify how students reason when engaging in covariational reasoning tasks in undergraduate precalculus courses. In…

Computational thinking and activity are vital aspects of what it means to conduct scientific and mathematical work. In light of this, some propose that students' mathematical education should include an integration of computing into their mathematical experiences, giving students opportunities to engage with computational tools as they reason…

Dynamic Geometry Environments (DGEs) are popular tools in the exploration of geometry. This research is designed to explore the confidence of undergraduate mathematics students as they make mathematical statements when completing geometric tasks using DGEs. Students completed two series of tasks in both Euclidean and hyperbolic geometry. The first…

We consider the use of projects in math courses as a mechanism for promoting coding, communication, and interdisciplinary application of math skills. Final projects play an important role, but we also discuss several alternate types of projects. We describe a model that incorporates projects at all stages across the undergraduate mathematics…

In this paper we present the results of an investigation related to the developing of mathematical knowledge and skills by first semester university students when solving a Model Eliciting Activity [MEA] which involves quadratic function knowledge. This was a qualitative research. The theoretical framework was Models and Modeling Perspective…

Extant research has demonstrated that problem-posing and problem-solving mutually affect one another. However, the exact nature and extent of this relationship requires a detailed elaboration. This is especially true when adidactical problem-posing arises within a problem-solving context. In this study, we analyze the scripting journey used by two…

We discuss two proof evaluation activities meant to promote the acquisition of learning behaviors of professional mathematics within an introductory undergraduate proof-writing course. These learning behaviors include the ability to read and discuss mathematics critically, reach a consensus on correctness and clarity as a group, and verbalize what…

Three mathematics education researchers discuss their findings on the use of diagrams in math instruction for English language learners. The authors show how diagrams can help students who are English learners better develop mathematical thinking and communicate their mathematical understanding.

This article provides information to educational leaders about how to address the challenge of supporting students who are emergent multilingual--i.e., those identified as English Learners (ELs) by their schools--in middle grades mathematics classes. The ideas in this article draw on research and collaborations with hundreds of teachers across the…

In an undergraduate analysis course taught by one of the authors, three prompts are regularly given: (i) What do we know? (ii) What do we need to show? (iii) Let's draw a picture. We focus on the third prompt and its role in helping students develop their confidence in learning how to construct proofs. Specific examples of visual models and their…

Although counting problems are easy to state and provide rich, accessible problem-solving situations, there is much evidence that students struggle with solving counting problems correctly. With combinatorics (and the study of counting problems) becoming increasingly prevalent in K-12 and undergraduate curricula, there is a need for researchers to…

Mathematics can be viewed as complex structures comprising intricate and profoundly useful webs of relationships. Students can experience mathematics in this way when working on mathematical tasks such as problem-solving, modelling, investigations or problem posing. Yet these kinds of tasks are seldom implemented in many upper-secondary and…

Counting problems provide an accessible context for rich mathematical thinking, yet they can be surprisingly difficult for students. To foster conceptual understanding that is grounded in student thinking, we engaged a pair of undergraduate students in a ten-session teaching experiment. The students successfully reinvented four basic counting…

Applying the Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching framework, we discuss the components of teacher knowledge that might be useful in supporting mathematical inquiry, and examine ways in which we strive to develop this knowledge within a middle grades mathematics program for undergraduate students who are prospective teachers. Using sample activities…