Mokken Scale Analysis (MSA) is a nonparametric approach that offers exploratory tools for understanding the nature of item responses while emphasizing invariance requirements. MSA is often discussed as it relates to Rasch measurement theory, which also emphasizes invariance, but uses parametric models. Researchers who have compared and combined…

The aim of this study is to compare the results of correlation coefficient estimation of reliability with those obtained through the Bland-Altman plot technique. The scale was first divided into two halves using three different approaches. A linear and high-level relationship was found between the scale scores obtained from the halved forms.…

When competence tests are administered, subjects frequently omit items. These missing responses pose a threat to correctly estimating the proficiency level. Newer model-based approaches aim to take nonignorable missing data processes into account by incorporating a latent missing propensity into the measurement model. Two assumptions are typically…

Psychometric practice does not always converge with the advances of psychometric theory. In order to investigate this gap, the authors focus on the 10 most used psychological tests in Europe, as identified by recent surveys. The article analyzes test manuals published in 6 different European countries for these 10 most used tests. A total of 32…

A nonmetric coordinate adjustment technique determining scale values for objects whose interobject intervals (differences in subjective value) have been directly compared is developed. In Monte Carlo simulations, the degree of metric determinancy of the scale values appears quite high even when the amount of error is relatively high. (Author/JKS)

The ability of bisection procedures to specify the form of the psychophysical scale depends upon the precision of the technique. It is demonstrated that this precision is a function of the stimulus interval bisected. The testing of interval scale properties of derived scales is discussed. (Author/JKS)

Goodman contributed to the theory of scaling by including a category of intrinsically unscalable respondents in addition to the usual scale-type respondents. However, his formulation permits only error-free responses by respondents from the scale types. This paper presents new scaling models which have additional desirable properties. (Author/JKS)

In many practical applications of item response theory, the parameters of overlapping subsets of test items are estimated from different samples of examinees. A linking procedure is then employed to place the resulting item parameter estimates onto a common scale. It is standard practice to ignore the uncertainty associated with the linking step…

A latent trait model, the Rasch, was fitted to a criterion-referenced test. Approximately 90 percent of the items fit the model. Those items which fit the model were then calibrated. Based on the item calibration, individual ability estimates and the standard errors of those estimates were calculated. Using the ability estimates, it was possible,…

This paper examines how various equating methods are affected by: (1) sampling error; (2) sample characteristics; and (3) characteristics of anchor test items. It reviews empirical studies that investigated the invariance of equating transformations, and it discusses empirical and simulation studies that focus on how the properties of anchor tests…