Purpose: Down Syndrome Regression Disorder (DSRD) is a diagnosis of exclusion. Psychiatric and neuroimmunologic etiologies have been proposed although the exact etiology remains unknown. This study sought to review non-DSRD diagnoses at a large quaternary medical center specializing in the diagnosis of DSRD and compare clinical characteristics…

Purpose: Patients with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) (i.e. autism, developmental delay, early-onset psychiatric or seizure disorders) increasingly seek evaluation of new or exacerbated symptoms concerning for autoimmune encephalitis (AE). Clinical AE evaluation can be challenging in NDD patients with symptom overlap between anti-neuronal…

This article introduces an innovative teaching and learning tool called "Edelman Gamblegrams" that aims to help medical learners better understand disorders related to water/plasma tonicity homeostasis, i.e., hyponatremia and hypernatremia. Gamblegrams, named after physician James L. Gamble, are bar diagrams displaying the relative…

Purpose: Muscle groups within the tongue in healthy and diseased populations show different behaviors during speech. Visualizing and quantifying strain patterns of these muscle groups during tongue motion can provide insights into tongue motor control and adaptive behaviors of a patient. Method: We present a pipeline to estimate the strain along…

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique is one of the most potent tools in molecular biology. It is extensively used for various applications ranging from medical diagnostics to forensic science and food quality testing. This technique has facilitated to survive COVID-19 pandemic by identifying the virus-infected individuals effortlessly and…

Purpose: Facial movement analysis during facial gestures and speech provides clinically useful information for assessing bulbar amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, current kinematic methods have limited clinical application due to the equipment costs. Recent advancements in consumer-grade hardware and machine/deep learning made it…

Neisseria meningitides serogroup B, commonly referred to as Meningococcal B or Meningitis B, is a highly contagious bacterial infection primarily afflicting the college-aged population with disease contraction resulting in death or severe debilitation if not expediently diagnosed and treated. Currently, there are two vaccines, Bexsero and…

Despite the common prevalence of urologic diseases, studies have demonstrated that the general public often has little knowledge or insight into the field of urology or the role of an urologist. In this study, we investigated the context, frequency, and accuracy of urologic conditions on the television series "Grey's Anatomy." We…

Background: Migrants are the key population for tuberculosis (TB) transmission in China. However, it remains unknown how many migrants have received TB education and through what means. Objectives: To identify the rate and methods of TB education among migrants in China by using nationally representative data. Method: This study used secondary…

Embedding clinically relevant learning experience in basic science subjects is desired for the preclinical phase of undergraduate medical education. The present study aimed to modify case-based learning (CBL) with a role-playing situational teaching method and assess the student feedback and learning effect. One hundred seventy-six sophomore…

The pandemic brought a whole newfound collection of words into our everyday language, some of which had been terms that were infrequently used outside academic and medical settings. However, as familiar as this new pandemic vocabulary has become, there are still several terms that often get mixed in everyday conversations, media communications,…

The traditional case study has been used as a learning tool for the past 100 years, and in our program, graduate physiology students are presented with a real-world scenario and must determine the diagnosis and treatment of the patient. We found that students defaulted to memorization of disease with treatment and bypassed gaining an understanding…

The ability to separate, identify, and quantify proteins from complex mixtures are key foundational methods across biochemistry teaching and research. In particular, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is an important technique that is used to measure antigen concentrations in both industry and academia. There are four categories of ELISA,…

Background: African-American and Latinx youth are disproportionately exposed to neighborhood violence and are overrepresented in the U.S. juvenile justice system. Perceived neighborhood violence is associated with negative health outcomes. Objective: We examined associations between African-American and Latinx youths' perceived neighborhood…

Deaths of despair (DOD) is a new term appearing in public health literature to describe deaths attributable to suicide, liver disease, and drug overdose. In Florida, suicide and liver disease are the 8th and 10th leading causes of death, respectively. Additional mortality data show that the rate of drug overdose deaths in Florida is 12.5% higher…