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The Diagnosis of Autism: From Kanner to DSM-III to DSM-5 and Beyond
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Rosen, Nicole E.; Lord, Catherine; Volkmar, Fred R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2021
In this paper we review the impact of DSM-III and its successors on the field of autism--both in terms of clinical work and research. We summarize the events leading up to the inclusion of autism as a "new" official diagnostic category in DSM-III, the subsequent revisions of the DSM, and the impact of the official recognition of autism…
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Medical Research
Systematic Review: Distribution of Age and Intervention Modalities in Therapeutic Clinical Trials for Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Lewis, Alan S.; van Schalkwyk, Gerrit Ian – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2020
The prevalence of ASD remains relatively stable across the lifespan, necessitating a quantitative understanding of how intervention clinical research is applied across age groups. Here we report a systematic review of treatment studies between 2013 and 2017, enrolling 11,213 subjects with ASD in 218 studies. Individuals under 18 years old…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Adolescents, Children
Diagnosis and Management of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Russia: Clinical-Biological Approaches
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Simashkova, Natalya V.; Boksha, Irina S.; Klyushnik, Tatyana P.; Iakupova, Lubov' P.; Ivanov, Mikhail V.; Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta B. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2019
The study describes the latest recommended and adopted clinical and management practice for children and adults with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in Russia and discusses the most recent research work by Russian clinicians and neuroscientists in the field. The study also presents data from the first epidemiological studies on ASD prevalence and…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Clinical Diagnosis, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Brief Report: A Survey of Autism Research Priorities across a Diverse Community of Stakeholders
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Frazier, Thomas W.; Dawson, Geraldine; Murray, Donna; Shih, Andy; Sachs, Jessica Snyder; Geiger, Angela – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Inclusion of stakeholder voices in the allocation of research funding can increase the relevance of results and improve community engagement in research. We describe the results of an online survey that gathered input from community stakeholders regarding autism research priorities. A demographically diverse sample of respondents (N = 6004; 79.1%…
Descriptors: Autism, Medical Research, Research Needs, Financial Support
A Review of Cardiac Autonomic Measures: Considerations for Examination of Physiological Response in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Benevides, Teal W.; Lane, Shelly J. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2015
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is responsible for multiple physiological responses, and dysfunction of this system is often hypothesized as contributing to cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses in children. Research suggests that examination of ANS activity may provide insight into behavioral dysregulation in children with autism…
Descriptors: Children, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Physiology
Twin Studies in Autism: What Might They Say about Genetic and Environmental Influences
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Anderson, George M. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
Genetic and epigenetic differences exist within monozygote twin-pairs and might be especially important in the expression of autism. Assuming phenotypic differences between monozygotic twins are due to environmental influences may lead to mistaken conclusions regarding the relative genetic and environmental contribution to autism risk.
Descriptors: Autism, Genetics, Environmental Influences, Twins
Brief Report: Stony Brook Guidelines on the Ethics of the Care of People with Autism and Their Families
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Post, Stephen G.; Pomeroy, John; Keirns, Carla C.; Cover, Virginia Isaacs; Dorn, Michael Leverett; Boroson, Louis; Boroson, Florence; Coulehan, Anne; Coulehan, Jack; Covell, Kim; Kubasek, Kim; Luchsinger, Elizabeth; Nichols, Shana; Parles, James; Schreiber, Linda; Tetenbaum, Samara P.; Walsh, Rose Ann – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2013
The increased prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), with associated societal and clinical impacts, calls for a broad community-based dialogue on treatment related ethical and social issues. The Stony Brook Guidelines, based on a community dialogue process with affected individuals, families and professionals, identify and discuss the…
Descriptors: Guidelines, Ethics, Autism, Intimacy
Trends in US Autism Research Funding
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Singh, Jennifer; Illes, Judy; Lazzeroni, Laura; Hallmayer, Joachim – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2009
This study shows that the number of autism research grants funded in the US from 1997 to 2006 significantly increased 15% per year. Although the majority of projects were concentrated in basic science (65%) compared to clinical (15%) and translational research (20%), there is a significant decrease in the proportion of basic research grants per…
Descriptors: Autism, Grants, Financial Support, Research Design
Hyperserotoninemia and Antiserotonin Antibodies in Autism and Other Disorders.
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Yuwiler, Arthur; And Others – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1992
This study examined the linkage between elevated blood serotonin in autism and the presence of circulating autoantibodies against the serotonin 5HT receptor. Results showed elevated blood serotonin was not closely related to inhibition of serotonin binding by antibody-rich blood fractions. Data were insufficient to determine whether people with…
Descriptors: Autism, Medical Research, Physiology
Oral Human Immunoglobulin for Children with Autism and Gastrointestinal Dysfunction: A Prospective, Open-Label Study
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Schneider, Cindy K.; Melmed, Raun D.; Barstow, Leon E.; Enriquez, F. Javier; Ranger-Moore, James; Ostrem, James A. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2006
Immunoglobulin secretion onto mucosal surfaces is a major component of the mucosal immune system. We hypothesized that chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances associated with autistic disorder (AD) may be due to an underlying deficiency in mucosal immunity, and that orally administered immunoglobulin would be effective in alleviating chronic GI…
Descriptors: Check Lists, Autism, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Males
Brief Report: S6 Ribosomal Protein Phosphorylation in Autistic Frontal Cortex and Cerebellum: A Tissue Array Analysis
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Eberhart, Charles G.; Copeland, Joshua; Abel, Ty W. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2006
Few autistic brain samples are available for study, limiting investigations into molecular and histopathological abnormalities associated with this common disease. To facilitate distribution of samples, we have constructed a tissue array containing cerebral and cerebellar cores from 5 autistic children, 1 girl with Rett syndrome, and 5 age-matched…
Descriptors: Investigations, Diseases, Brain, Autism
Clinical Neurochemistry of Autism and Associated Disorders.
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Young, J. Gerald; And Others – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1982
The fundamental preclinical and clinical studies of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine metabolism related to infantile autism are reviewed, and new studies are suggested, as examples of the productive strategies that will illuminate features of the autistic syndrome in the next decade. (Author)
Descriptors: Autism, Biochemistry, Biological Influences, Literature Reviews
Autism and Herpes Simplex Encephalitis. Brief Report.
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Ghaziuddin, Mohammad; And Others – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1992
This paper presents two case studies of children who developed herpes virus infection in the intrauterine or early postnatal period and presented with features of autism around two years of age. Other research suggesting a link between herpes and autism is reviewed. (DB)
Descriptors: Autism, Biological Influences, Case Studies, Etiology
Secretin as a Treatment for Autism: A Review of the Evidence
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Esch, Barbara E.; Carr, James E. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2004
Secretin is used in the United States for diagnosis of pancreatic gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction and disease. Repeated therapeutic use has not been approved. Widespread interest in secretin as a treatment for autism followed media reports of behavioral improvements in an autistic child who received the hormone during a GI diagnostic procedure.…
Descriptors: Autism, Children, Outcomes of Treatment, Clinical Diagnosis
Amisulpride versus Bromocriptine in Infantile Autism: A Controlled Crossover Comparative Study of Two Drugs with Opposite Effects on Dopaminergic Function.
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Dollfus, Sonia; And Others – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1992
This study compared the clinical efficacy of a dopaminergic antagonist (amisulpride) and a dopaminergic agonist (bromocriptine) with 9 children (ages 4-13) with autism and probable severe mental retardation. The amisulpride acted preferentially on specific autism symptoms and the bromocriptine on motor hyperactivity and attention symptoms.…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Autism, Behavior Patterns, Children