Physician graduate medical education (GME) provides the clinical education to practice medicine independently in the U.S. Agencies within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) fund GME, including over $15 billion from Medicare in 2018 (the latest year for which data were available). To be eligible for federal funding, GME programs…

Studies have shown the United States faces a shortage of physicians, making it increasingly difficult for people to access needed health care. Physicians need graduate medical education (GME) training before they can practice medicine independently and often practice in the same geographic area as their training. The vast majority of federal…

The federal government invests significantly in medical education through various programs to help ensure that the anticipated supply of new physicians meets the nation's health care needs. Medicare, the federal health care program for elderly and certain disabled people, subsidizes training for medical school graduates in hospitals and other…

The principles and objectives of the due process clause are explored and operational criteria constructed as a result of the court's decision in the Horowitz case. It is argued that the court abandoned the underlying principles in this case. (Journal availability: Fred B. Rothman & Co., 10368 W. Centennial Road, Littleton, CO 80123, $4.00.)…

Hearings before the House Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship, and International Law are presented regarding the immigration of foreign medical graduates and the new restrictions placed on their entry into this country under the provision of Title IV of the Health Professions Educational Assistance Act of 1976 (Public Law 94-484). Testimony…

This handbook, developed as a reference guide, contains the text of laws, rules and regulations of the New York State Education Department governing the practice of medicine in the state. An introductory section describes the professional regulation system of New York, addressing these topics: professional education; the role of professional…

Analysis of 110 state and federal court decisions from 1950-89 involving medical students and undergraduate medical education found 51 percent were disputes over general issues, most concerning admissions and dismissal. Recently, readmission, course repetition, and cheating have been increasingly addressed. Medical schools have generally prevailed…

Rights and responsibilities for evaluating student cognitive and noncognitive abilities rest with the medical faculty. If faculty conscientiously exercise professional judgment and schools use appropriate due process, medical schools will be protected from adverse court decisions and high academic standards will be maintained. (Author/MSE)

The implications of a Supreme Court case involving dismissal of a medical school student for nonacademic reasons is examined for private and public dental schools. Suggestions are given for development of sound dismissal policies. (MSE)

Reviews the "Horowitz" case and offers a version of the traditional due process formula that would emphasize the fundamental nature of the claim to procedural due process when significant interests are adversely affected by government action. Available from University of Iowa College of Law, Iowa City, IA 52242. (Author/IRT)

The result of court litigation on the expulsion of a medical student is questioned, and a modified version of the traditional due process test is recommended. The test would be for "substantial deprivation of a significant interest." Available from State University of Iowa, College of Law, Iowa City, IA 52240. (MSE)

Recent court cases are cited that indicate courts are now beginning to require that students be informed of academic (including clinical) deficiencies and be provided the opportunity to correct the problem. When the dismissal is for disciplinary rather than academic reasons, more procedural due process is required. (Author/MLW)

The Horowitz case is consistent with the general reluctance of courts to sustain constitutional challenges to decisions by educators in academic matters. Precedent is heavily weighted in favor of the academic community and should be overcome in future challenges. (Journal availability: Willamette University College of Law, Salem, OR 97301, $5.00…

Charlotte Horowitz's civil rights action challenging her dismissal from the University of Missouri Medical School is examined in terms of her right to due process. The court ruled that dismissals from public educational institutions for academic as opposed to disciplinary reasons do not mandate a hearing before the school's decision-making body.…

The case involves the academic dismissal of a female medical student and her allegation of denial of due process. Other related decisions are reviewed. It is concluded that this decision endangers the vitality of the concept of due process. Available from "NY Law School Law Review," 57 Worth St., New York, NY 10013. (MSE)