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Alexandrescu, Anamaria; Carew, Thomas J. – Learning & Memory, 2020
The spatial and temporal coordination of growth factor signaling is critical for both presynaptic and postsynaptic plasticity underlying long-term memory formation. We investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of "Aplysia" cysteine-rich neurotrophic factor (ApCRNF) signaling during the induction of activity-dependent long-term…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Memory, Spatial Ability, Sensory Integration
Perfetti, Charles; Helder, Anne – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2021
The study of word-to-text integration (WTI) provides a window on incremental processes that link the meaning of a word to the preceding text. We review a research program using event-related potential indicators of WTI at sentence beginnings, thus localizing sources of integration to prior text meaning independently of the current sentence. The…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Sentences, Reading Processes, Cognitive Processes
Baram, Tallie Z.; Donato, Flavio; Holmes, Gregory L. – Learning & Memory, 2019
Spatial memory, the aspect of memory involving encoding and retrieval of information regarding one's environment and spatial orientation, is a complex biological function incorporating multiple neuronal networks. Hippocampus-dependent spatial memory is not innate and emerges during development in both humans and rodents. In children,…
Descriptors: Memory, Spatial Ability, Cognitive Processes, Neurological Organization
Schuler, Kathryn D.; Kodner, Jordan; Caplan, Spencer – First Language, 2020
In 'Against Stored Abstractions,' Ambridge uses neural and computational evidence to make his case against abstract representations. He argues that storing only exemplars is more parsimonious -- why bother with abstraction when exemplar models with on-the-fly calculation can do everything abstracting models can and more -- and implies that his…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Language Acquisition, Computational Linguistics, Linguistic Theory
Ullman, Michael T.; Lovelett, Jarrett T. – Second Language Research, 2018
The declarative/procedural (DP) model posits that the learning, storage, and use of language critically depend on two learning and memory systems in the brain: declarative memory and procedural memory. Thus, on the basis of independent research on the memory systems, the model can generate specific and often novel predictions for language. Till…
Descriptors: Role, Memory, Second Language Learning, Prediction
Kitamura, Takashi; Macdonald, Christopher J.; Tonegawa, Susumu – Learning & Memory, 2015
The entorhinal cortex (EC)-hippocampal (HPC) network plays an essential role for episodic memory, which preserves spatial and temporal information about the occurrence of past events. Although there has been significant progress toward understanding the neural circuits underlying the spatial dimension of episodic memory, the relevant circuits…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Memory, Neurological Organization, Time
Paul Marshall; Timothy W. Bredy – npj Science of Learning, 2016
A complete understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of learning and memory continues to elude neuroscientists. Although many important discoveries have been made, the question of how memories are encoded and maintained at the molecular level remains. So far, this issue has been framed within the context of one of the most dominant concepts in…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Memory, Neurosciences, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Satish S. Nair; Denis Paré; Aleksandra Vicentic – npj Science of Learning, 2016
The neuronal systems that promote protective defensive behaviours have been studied extensively using Pavlovian conditioning. In this paradigm, an initially neutral-conditioned stimulus is paired with an aversive unconditioned stimulus leading the subjects to display behavioural signs of fear. Decades of research into the neural bases of this…
Descriptors: Fear, Biology, Brain, Models
Kim, Eun Joo; Pellman, Blake; Kim, Jeansok J. – Learning & Memory, 2015
Uncontrollable stress has been recognized to influence the hippocampus at various levels of analysis. Behaviorally, human and animal studies have found that stress generally impairs various hippocampal-dependent memory tasks. Neurally, animal studies have revealed that stress alters ensuing synaptic plasticity and firing properties of hippocampal…
Descriptors: Stress Variables, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Animals, Memory
Frick, Karyn M.; Kim, Jaekyoon; Tuscher, Jennifer J.; Fortress, Ashley M. – Learning & Memory, 2015
Ample evidence has demonstrated that sex steroid hormones, such as the potent estrogen 17ß-estradiol (E[subscript 2]), affect hippocampal morphology, plasticity, and memory in male and female rodents. Yet relatively few investigators who work with male subjects consider the effects of these hormones on learning and memory. This review describes…
Descriptors: Metabolism, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Gender Differences, Animals
Schacher, Samuel; Hu, Jiang-Yuan – Learning & Memory, 2014
An important cellular mechanism contributing to the strength and duration of memories is activity-dependent alterations in the strength of synaptic connections within the neural circuit encoding the memory. Reversal of the memory is typically correlated with a reversal of the cellular changes to levels expressed prior to the stimulation. Thus, for…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Stimuli, Molecular Structure, Neurological Organization
Gruart, Agnès – International Journal of Educational Psychology, 2014
One of the key questions in education is how the learning process in the classroom takes place and how different environmental and individual circumstances (attention, motivation, nutrition, stimulus presentation, etc.) can enhance the child's capabilities to learn and to remember. These and other cognitive skills are shaped as a consequence of…
Descriptors: Neurosciences, Cognitive Processes, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Infants
Newcombe, Nora S. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2015
The study of development vacillates between a focus on change (i.e., studying how and why infants are so different from adults) and excitement about early competence and continuity (i.e., studying how capable infants are, and marveling at how similar they turn out to be to adults). The study of memory development has been no exception. This…
Descriptors: Memory, Cognitive Development, Infants, Semantics
Kondo, Makoto; Nakamura, Yukiko; Ishida, Yusuke; Yamada, Takahiro; Shimada, Shoichi – Learning & Memory, 2014
The 5-HT [subscript 3] receptor, the only ionotropic 5-HT receptor, is expressed in limbic regions, including the hippocampus, amygdala, and cortex. However, it is not known whether it has a role in fear memory processes. Analysis of 5-HT [subscript 3A] receptor knockout mice in fear conditioning paradigms revealed that the 5-HT [subscript 3A]…
Descriptors: Fear, Memory, Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive Processes
Prince, Toni-Moi; Abel, Ted – Learning & Memory, 2013
Hippocampal cellular and molecular processes critical for memory consolidation are affected by the amount and quality of sleep attained. Questions remain with regard to how sleep enhances memory, what parameters of sleep after learning are optimal for memory consolidation, and what underlying hippocampal molecular players are targeted by sleep…
Descriptors: Sleep, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Memory, Cognitive Processes