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Yang, Qizong; Antonov, Igor; Castillejos, David; Nagaraj, Anagha; Bostwick, Caleb; Kohn, Andrea; Moroz, Leonid; Hawkins, Robert D. – Learning & Memory, 2018
Long-term but not short-term memory and synaptic plasticity in many brain areas require neurotrophin signaling, transcription, and epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation. However, it has been difficult to relate these cellular mechanisms directly to behavior because of the immense complexity of the mammalian brain. To address that…
Descriptors: Memory, Animals, Genetics, Brain
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Díaz-Mataix, Lorenzo; Piper, Walter T.; Schiff, Hillary C.; Roberts, Clark H.; Campese, Vincent D.; Sears, Robert M.; LeDoux, Joseph E. – Learning & Memory, 2017
The creation of auditory threat Pavlovian memory requires an initial learning stage in which a neutral conditioned stimulus (CS), such as a tone, is paired with an aversive one (US), such as a shock. In this phase, the CS acquires the capacity of predicting the occurrence of the US and therefore elicits conditioned defense responses.…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Memory, Animals, Statistical Analysis
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Gehring, Katrin B.; Heufelder, Karin; Feige, Janina; Bauer, Paul; Dyck, Yan; Ehrhardt, Lea; Kühnemund, Johannes; Bergmann, Anja; Göbel, Josefine; Isecke, Marlene; Eisenhardt, Dorothea – Learning & Memory, 2016
The transcription factor cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) is involved in neuronal plasticity. Phosphorylation activates CREB and an increased level of phosphorylated CREB is regarded as an indicator of CREB-dependent transcriptional activation. In honeybees ("Apis mellifera") we recently demonstrated a particular high…
Descriptors: Entomology, Animal Behavior, Responses, Stimuli
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Maddox, Stephanie A.; Watts, Casey S.; Schafe, Glenn E. – Learning & Memory, 2013
Modifications in chromatin structure have been widely implicated in memory and cognition, most notably using hippocampal-dependent memory paradigms including object recognition, spatial memory, and contextual fear memory. Relatively little is known, however, about the role of chromatin-modifying enzymes in amygdala-dependent memory formation.…
Descriptors: Fear, Memory, Brain, Classical Conditioning
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Eisenhardt, Dorothea – Learning & Memory, 2014
The honeybee ("Apis mellifera") has long served as an invertebrate model organism for reward learning and memory research. Its capacity for learning and memory formation is rooted in the ecological need to efficiently collect nectar and pollen during summer to ensure survival of the hive during winter. Foraging bees learn to associate a…
Descriptors: Entomology, Rewards, Memory, Learning Processes
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Reichelt, Amy C.; Lee, Jonathan L. C. – Learning & Memory, 2013
Despite extensive evidence that appetitive memories undergo reconsolidation, two notable failures to observe reconsolidation have been reported: instrumental responding and goal-tracking. However, these studies do not provide conclusive evidence for a lack of memory reconsolidation due to the numerous boundary conditions that dictate whether a…
Descriptors: Memory, Classical Conditioning, Goal Orientation, Learning Processes
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Marter, Kathrin; Grauel, M. Katharina; Lewa, Carmen; Morgenstern, Laura; Buckemüller, Christina; Heufelder, Karin; Ganz, Marion; Eisenhardt, Dorothea – Learning & Memory, 2014
This study examines the role of stimulus duration in learning and memory formation of honeybees ("Apis mellifera"). In classical appetitive conditioning honeybees learn the association between an initially neutral, conditioned stimulus (CS) and the occurrence of a meaningful stimulus, the unconditioned stimulus (US). Thereby the CS…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Memory, Classical Conditioning, Associative Learning
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Felsenberg, Johannes; Dombrowski, Vincent; Eisenhardt, Dorothea – Learning & Memory, 2012
Protein degradation is known to affect memory formation after extinction learning. We demonstrate here that an inhibitor of protein degradation, MG132, interferes with memory formation after extinction learning in a classical appetitive conditioning paradigm. In addition, we find an enhancement of memory formation when the same inhibitor is…
Descriptors: Memory, Learning Processes, Role, Entomology
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Valente, Andre; Huang, Kuo-Hua; Portugues, Ruben; Engert, Florian – Learning & Memory, 2012
The performance of developing zebrafish in both classical and operant conditioning assays was tested with a particular focus on the emergence of these learning behaviors during development. Strategically positioned visual cues paired with electroshocks were used in two fully automated assays to investigate both learning paradigms. These allow the…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Operant Conditioning, Learning, Animals
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Muravieva, Elizaveta V.; Alberini, Cristina M. – Learning & Memory, 2010
Previous studies suggested that the beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol might be a novel, potential treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This hypothesis stemmed mainly from rodent studies showing that propranolol interferes with the reconsolidation of Pavlovian fear conditioning (FC). However, subsequent investigations…
Descriptors: Investigations, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Classical Conditioning, Memory
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Martig, Adria K.; Mizumori, Sheri J. Y. – Learning & Memory, 2011
The ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) may provide modulatory signals that, respectively, influence hippocampal (HPC)- and striatal-dependent memory. Electrophysiological studies investigating neural correlates of learning and memory of dopamine (DA) neurons during classical conditioning tasks have found DA…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Memory, Brain, Rewards
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Theberge, Florence R. M.; Milton, Amy L.; Belin, David; Lee, Jonathan L. C.; Everitt, Barry J. – Learning & Memory, 2010
A distributed limbic-corticostriatal circuitry is implicated in cue-induced drug craving and relapse. Exposure to drug-paired cues not only precipitates relapse, but also triggers the reactivation and reconsolidation of the cue-drug memory. However, the limbic cortical-striatal circuitry underlying drug memory reconsolidation is unclear. The aim…
Descriptors: Cues, Cocaine, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Classical Conditioning
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Hourcade, Benoit; Perisse, Emmanuel; Devaud, Jean-Marc; Sandoz, Jean-Christophe – Learning & Memory, 2009
The storage of stable memories is generally considered to rely on changes in the functional properties and/or the synaptic connectivity of neural networks. However, these changes are not easily tractable given the complexity of the learning procedures and brain circuits studied. Such a search can be narrowed down by studying memories of specific…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Long Term Memory, Brain, Memory
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King, Stanley O., II; Williams, Cedric L. – Learning & Memory, 2009
Exposure to novel contexts produce heightened states of arousal and biochemical changes in the brain to consolidate memory. However, processes permitting simple exposure to unfamiliar contexts to elevate sympathetic output and to improve memory are poorly understood. This shortcoming was addressed by examining how novelty-induced changes in…
Descriptors: Animals, Stimuli, Classical Conditioning, Memory
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Ota, Kristie T.; Pierre, Vicki J.; Ploski, Jonathan E.; Queen, Kaila; Schafe, Glenn E. – Learning & Memory, 2008
Recent studies have shown that nitric oxide (NO) signaling plays a crucial role in memory consolidation of Pavlovian fear conditioning and in synaptic plasticity in the lateral amygdala (LA). In the present experiments, we examined the role of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), a downstream effector of NO, in fear memory consolidation and…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Memory, Fear, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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