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Zhou, Wenxi; Chen, Haoyu; Yang, Jiongjiong – Learning & Memory, 2018
How to improve our episodic memory is an important issue in the field of memory. In the present study, we used a discriminative learning paradigm that was similar to a paradigm used in animal studies. In Experiment 1, a picture (e.g., a dog) was either paired with an identical picture, with a similar picture of the same concept (e.g., another…
Descriptors: Memory, Pictorial Stimuli, Eye Movements, Cognitive Processes
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Leal, Stephanie L.; Ferguson, Lorena A.; Harrison, Theresa M.; Jagust, William J. – Learning & Memory, 2019
Most tasks test memory within the same day, however, most forgetting occurs after 24 h. Further, testing memory for simple words or objects does not mimic real-world memory experiences. We designed a memory task showing participants video clips of everyday kinds of experiences, including positive, negative, and neutral stimuli, and tested memory…
Descriptors: Memory, Alzheimers Disease, Stimuli, Recognition (Psychology)
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Reichelt, Amy C.; Morris, Margaret J.; Westbrook, Reginald Frederick – Learning & Memory, 2016
High sugar diets reduce hippocampal neurogenesis, which is required for minimizing interference between memories, a process that involves "pattern separation." We provided rats with 2 h daily access to a sucrose solution for 28 d and assessed their performance on a spatial memory task. Sucrose consuming rats discriminated between objects…
Descriptors: Animals, Spatial Ability, Control Groups, Memory
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Johnson, Sarah A.; Sacks, Patricia K.; Turner, Sean M.; Gaynor, Leslie S.; Ormerod, Brandi K.; Maurer, Andrew P.; Bizon, Jennifer L.; Burke, Sara N. – Learning & Memory, 2016
Hippocampal-dependent episodic memory and stimulus discrimination abilities are both compromised in the elderly. The reduced capacity to discriminate between similar stimuli likely contributes to multiple aspects of age-related cognitive impairment; however, the association of these behaviors within individuals has never been examined in an animal…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Animals, Models, Tests
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Knutson, Ashley R.; Hopkins, Ramona O.; Squire, Larry R. – Learning & Memory, 2013
We tested proposals that medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures support not just memory but certain kinds of visual perception as well. Patients with hippocampal lesions or larger MTL lesions attempted to identify the unique object among twin pairs of objects that had a high degree of feature overlap. Patients were markedly impaired under the more…
Descriptors: Visual Discrimination, Neurological Impairments, Patients, Memory
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Yang, Mu; Lewis, Freeman C.; Sarvi, Michael S.; Foley, Gillian M.; Crawley, Jacqueline N. – Learning & Memory, 2015
Chromosomal 16p11.2 deletion syndrome frequently presents with intellectual disabilities, speech delays, and autism. Here we investigated the Dolmetsch line of 16p11.2 heterozygous (+/-) mice on a range of cognitive tasks with different neuroanatomical substrates. Robust novel object recognition deficits were replicated in two cohorts of 16p11.2…
Descriptors: Intellectual Disability, Delayed Speech, Autism, Genetics
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Bartko, Susan J.; Winters, Boyer D.; Cowell, Rosemary A.; Saksida, Lisa M.; Bussey, Timothy J. – Learning & Memory, 2007
The perirhinal cortex (PRh) has a well-established role in object recognition memory. More recent studies suggest that PRh is also important for two-choice visual discrimination tasks. Specifically, it has been suggested that PRh contains conjunctive representations that help resolve feature ambiguity, which occurs when a task cannot easily be…
Descriptors: Visual Discrimination, Recognition (Psychology), Brain Hemisphere Functions, Memory
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Brown, Richard E.; Wong, Aimee A. – Learning & Memory, 2007
We calculated visual ability in 13 strains of mice (129SI/Sv1mJ, A/J, AKR/J, BALB/cByJ, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6J, CAST/EiJ, DBA/2J, FVB/NJ, MOLF/EiJ, SJL/J, SM/J, and SPRET/EiJ) on visual detection, pattern discrimination, and visual acuity and tested these and other mice of the same strains in a behavioral test battery that evaluated visuo-spatial…
Descriptors: Memory, Visual Acuity, Memorization, Animals
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Lavenex, Pierre; Lavenex, Pamela Banta – Learning & Memory, 2006
This experiment assesses spatial and nonspatial relational memory in freely moving 9-mo-old and adult (11-13-yr-old) macaque monkeys ("Macaca mulatta"). We tested the use of proximal landmarks, two different objects placed at the center of an open-field arena, as conditional cues allowing monkeys to predict the location of food rewards hidden in…
Descriptors: Memory, Cues, Visual Discrimination, Spatial Ability
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Squire, Larry R.; Levy, Daniel A.; Shrager, Yael – Learning & Memory, 2005
The perirhinal cortex is known to be important for memory, but there has recently been interest in the possibility that it might also be involved in visual perceptual functions. In four experiments, we assessed visual discrimination ability and visual discrimination learning in severely amnesic patients with large medial temporal lobe lesions that…
Descriptors: Visual Discrimination, Patients, Discrimination Learning, Memory