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Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Formation of Long-Term Reward Memories and Extinction Memories in the Honeybee ("Apis Mellifera")
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Eisenhardt, Dorothea – Learning & Memory, 2014
The honeybee ("Apis mellifera") has long served as an invertebrate model organism for reward learning and memory research. Its capacity for learning and memory formation is rooted in the ecological need to efficiently collect nectar and pollen during summer to ensure survival of the hive during winter. Foraging bees learn to associate a…
Descriptors: Entomology, Rewards, Memory, Learning Processes
Duration of the Unconditioned Stimulus in Appetitive Conditioning of Honeybees Differentially Impacts Learning, Long-Term Memory Strength, and the Underlying Protein Synthesis
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Marter, Kathrin; Grauel, M. Katharina; Lewa, Carmen; Morgenstern, Laura; Buckemüller, Christina; Heufelder, Karin; Ganz, Marion; Eisenhardt, Dorothea – Learning & Memory, 2014
This study examines the role of stimulus duration in learning and memory formation of honeybees ("Apis mellifera"). In classical appetitive conditioning honeybees learn the association between an initially neutral, conditioned stimulus (CS) and the occurrence of a meaningful stimulus, the unconditioned stimulus (US). Thereby the CS…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Memory, Classical Conditioning, Associative Learning
Towards a New Study on Associative Learning in Human Fetuses: Fetal Associative Learning in Primates
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Kawai, Nobuyuki – Infant and Child Development, 2010
Research has revealed that fetuses can learn from events in their environment. The most convincing evidence for fetal learning is habituation to vibroacoustic stimulation (VAS) in human fetuses and classical conditioning in rat fetuses. However, these two research areas have been independent of each other. There have been few attempts at classical…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Associative Learning, Habituation, Animals
Associative Memory in Three Aplysiids: Correlation with Heterosynaptic Modulation
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Thompson, Laura; Wright, William G.; Hoover, Brian A.; Nguyen, Hoang – Learning & Memory, 2006
Much recent research on mechanisms of learning and memory focuses on the role of heterosynaptic neuromodulatory signaling. Such neuromodulation appears to stabilize Hebbian synaptic changes underlying associative learning, thereby extending memory. Previous comparisons of three related sea-hares (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia) uncovered interspecific…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Memory, Associative Learning, Correlation
Molecular Biology of Learning: Modulation of Transmitter Release.
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Kandel, Eric R.; Schwartz, James H. – Science, 1982
Describes how a behavioral system in Aplysia (marine snail) can be used to examine mechanisms of several forms of learning at different levels of analysis: behavioral, cell-physiological, ultrastructural, and molecular. Focusing on short-term sensitization, suggests how molecular mechanisms can be extended to explain long-term memory and classical…
Descriptors: Animal Behavior, Associative Learning, Biochemistry, Biology
Neuroscience and Learning: Lessons from Studying the Involvement of a Region of Cerebellar Cortex in Eyeblink Classical Conditioning
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Villarreal, Ronald P.; Steinmetz, Joseph E. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2005
How the nervous system encodes learning and memory processes has interested researchers for 100 years. Over this span of time, a number of basic neuroscience methods has been developed to explore the relationship between learning and the brain, including brain lesion, stimulation, pharmacology, anatomy, imaging, and recording techniques. In this…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Anatomy, Brain, Associative Learning