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Mulligan, Neil W.; Peterson, Daniel J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
A fundamental property of human memory is that repetition enhances memory. Peterson and Mulligan (2012) recently documented a surprising "negative repetition effect," in which participants who studied a list of cue-target pairs twice recalled fewer targets than a group who studied the pairs only once. Words within a pair rhymed, and…
Descriptors: Memory, Repetition, Paired Associate Learning, Word Lists
Do Students Think That Difficult or Valuable Materials Should Be Restudied Sooner Rather than Later?
Cohen, Michael S.; Yan, Veronica X.; Halamish, Vered; Bjork, Robert A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
Despite the clear long-term benefits of spaced practice, students and teachers often choose massed practice. Whether learners actually fail to appreciate the benefits of spacing is, however, open to question. Early studies (e.g., Zechmeister & Shaughnessy, 1980) found that participants' judgments of learning were higher after massed than after…
Descriptors: Study Habits, Intervals, Time Management, Time Factors (Learning)
Knouse, Laura E.; Anastopoulos, Arthur D.; Dunlosky, John – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2012
ADHD in adulthood is associated with chronic academic impairments and problems with strategic memory encoding on standardized memory assessments, but little is known about self-regulated learning that might guide intervention. Objective: Examine the contribution of metamemory judgment accuracy and use of learning strategies to self-regulated…
Descriptors: Memory, Testing, Intervention, Learning Strategies
Levin, Joel R. – Educational Psychologist, 2008
This article focuses on the early research domains investigated by Michael Pressley, along with the integrations and initiatives that were inspired by them. These research domains include verbal and imagery elaboration memory strategies, and developmental aspects of them; interrogative elaboration; pictorial strategies for language and literacy…
Descriptors: Graduate Students, Educational Psychology, Memory, Literacy
Wang, Alvin Y. – 1987
A relationship has been hypothesized between metamemory (the self-knowledge of memory processes that an individual can verbalize) and actual memory performance. To explore this relationship, a study was conducted, in partial replication of earlier studies, using the strategy choice paradigm for paired-associate learning (PAL) on a metamemory…
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Encoding (Psychology), Grade 2, Learning Strategies

Pressley, Michael; Levin, Joel R. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1977
In this study, the self-reported strategies of fifth, seventh, and ninth grade subjects used to learn a list of paired associates were correlated with actual learning performance to test the hypothesis that proficient learners are elaborators. (Author/SB)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Style, Elementary School Students

Ferro, Susan C.; Pressley, Michael G. – Learning Disability Quarterly, 1991
Fifty-five males with learning disabilities and 55 average-achieving males in grades 6-7 studied paired associates of varying difficulty levels, through image construction or pairing rehearsal. Regardless of item type or presentation rate, both groups of students benefited from imagery instructions, with great similarity in between-condition…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Difficulty Level, Imagery, Instructional Effectiveness

Waters, Harriet Salatas; Schreiber, Linda L. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1991
Examined sex differences in eighth and tenth graders' and college students' use of elaboration in paired associate learning. Findings indicate that, as males and females became more proficient strategy users, sex differences diminished under more favorable task conditions that encouraged strategy use but remained constant under less favorable…
Descriptors: Age Differences, College Students, Developmental Tasks, Higher Education