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Chris M. Fiacconi – Metacognition and Learning, 2024
The relationship between confidence and accuracy has long been an important and controversial topic within the field of human memory. In a recent review article, Schwartz (2024). "Inferential theories of retrospective confidence." Metacognition & Learning.) competently summarized some of the key empirical findings on this issue and…
Descriptors: Memory, Self Esteem, Accuracy, Correlation
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Yang, Yingying; Li, Weijia; Wang, Qi – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2022
Relatively few studies have directly examined children's memory of object-based spatial structure of room-sized environments. The current study investigated how children remember the spatial structure of a room, and the role of pictorial working memory (WM) and different testing perspectives in this process. In Experiment 1, 80 children aged 5 to…
Descriptors: Young Children, Spatial Ability, Memory, Short Term Memory
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Milvia Cottini; Paola Palladino; Demis Basso – British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2024
Background: Laboratory-based studies have shown that children's ability to remember intentions (i.e., prospective memory; PM) can be improved by asking them to imagine performing the PM task beforehand (i.e., episodic future thinking; EFT) or to predict their PM performance. Moreover, combining the two strategies resulted in an additional…
Descriptors: Young Children, Memory, Cognitive Processes, Recall (Psychology)
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Ensor, Tyler M.; Surprenant, Aimée M.; Neath, Ian; Hockley, William E. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
In recognition, context effects often manifest as higher hit and false-alarm rates to probes tested in an old context compared with probes tested in a new context; sometimes, this concordant effect is accompanied by a discrimination advantage. According to the cue-overload account of context effects (Rutherford, 2004), context acts like any other…
Descriptors: Familiarity, Cues, Memory, Recognition (Psychology)
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Maltman, Nell; DaWalt, Leeann Smith; Hong, Jinkuk; Baker, Mei Wang; Berry-Kravis, Elizabeth M.; Brilliant, Murray H.; Mailick, Marsha – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2023
Variation in the "FMR1" gene may affect aspects of cognition, such as executive function and memory. Environmental factors, such as stress, may also negatively impact cognitive functioning. Participants included 1,053 mothers of children with and without developmental disabilities. Participants completed self-report measures of executive…
Descriptors: Genetics, Cognitive Ability, Executive Function, Memory
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Kubit, Benjamin M.; Janata, Petr – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Involuntary musical imagery (INMI; more commonly known as "earworms" or having a song "stuck in your head") is a common musical phenomenon and one of the most salient examples of spontaneous cognition. Despite the ubiquitous nature of INMI in the general population, functional roles of INMI remain to be fully established and…
Descriptors: Music, Memory, Probability, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension)
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Muhammad Abbas; Farooq Ahmed Jam; Tariq Iqbal Khan – International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 2024
While the discussion on generative artificial intelligence, such as ChatGPT, is making waves in academia and the popular press, there is a need for more insight into the use of ChatGPT among students and the potential harmful or beneficial consequences associated with its usage. Using samples from two studies, the current research examined the…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Technology Uses in Education, College Students, Student Attitudes
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Phillip Hamrick; Christopher A. Was; Yin Zhang – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2024
A growing body of evidence demonstrates that individual differences in declarative memory may be an important predictor of second language (L2) abilities. However, the evidence comes from studies using different declarative memory tasks that vary in their reliance on verbal abilities and task demands, which preclude estimating the size of the…
Descriptors: Verbal Ability, Nonverbal Ability, Task Analysis, Second Language Instruction
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Pociunaite, Justina; Zimprich, Daniel; Wolf, Tabea – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2022
Previous studies have found that in nonclinical samples centrality of positive events is usually higher than centrality of negative events. In this study, we investigated the centrality and its relation to valence by considering additional predictor variables (i.e., intensity, time since event, self-concept clarity) as well as age group…
Descriptors: Autobiographies, Memory, Adults, Experience
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Pitts, Barbara L.; Eisenberg, Michelle L.; Bailey, Heather R.; Zacks, Jeffrey M. – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2022
Current theories of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) propose that memory abnormalities are central to the development and persistence of symptoms. While the most notable memory disturbances in PTSD involve memory for the trauma itself, individuals often have trouble remembering aspects of everyday life. Further, people with PTSD may have…
Descriptors: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Memory, Severity (of Disability), Predictor Variables
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Lovegrove, Rhianna A.; Baumann, Oliver – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2021
Spatial navigation is a fundamental cognitive function essential for daily life. Navigation skill assessment predominantly relies on self-reports, with varying accounts regarding their validity. The current study aimed to determine whether performance on an objective visual scene memory recognition ability task could serve as a valid predictor of…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Memory, Accuracy, Predictor Variables
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Murphy, Gillian; Murray, Emma; Gough, Doireann – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2021
False memories may be especially likely when one is exposed to misinformation that is consistent with one's beliefs. Here, we assessed whether feminist attitudes predict susceptibility to feminism-related fake news. In Experiment 1 (n = 1537), the more negative participants' attitudes towards feminism, the more likely they were to report a false…
Descriptors: Feminism, Attitudes, Predictor Variables, Memory
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Ren, Zhi; Liang, Xiao; Sun, Fanhui; Wang, Lijuan – European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2023
Prospective memory (PM) is vital for children to live independently. Theoretical and empirical evidence has shown that executive function (EF) plays an important role in children's PM. However, there is no EF training for the PM of school-age children. Therefore, a 4-week EF training programme was conducted in this study to investigate the…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Memory, Transfer of Training, Children
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Pilotti, Maura; Alkuhayli, Halah; Al Ghazo, Runna – Learning and Teaching in Higher Education: Gulf Perspectives, 2022
Purpose: In the present study, the authors examined whether academic performance [grade point average (GPA)] can be predicted by self-reported frequency of memorization and recitation, verbatim memory performance, and self-efficacy in a sample of college students from Saudi Arabia. Design/methodology/approach: Students' verse memory, word memory,…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Grade Point Average, Predictor Variables, Memorization
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Trawinski, Tobiasz; Aslanian, Araz; Cheung, Olivia S. – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2021
Previous research has established a possible link between recognition performance, individuation experience, and implicit racial bias of other-race faces. However, it remains unclear how implicit racial bias might influence other-race face processing in observers with relatively extensive experience with the other race. Here we examined how…
Descriptors: Racial Bias, Human Body, Race, Experience
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