Recent reports on Indigenous education have revealed that high proportions of students have been placed in special classes for intellectual disability or behaviour disorders. This is not an isolated phenomenon. Indigenous students in Canada and Romani children in Europe are also disproportionately represented in special schooling. This paper asks…

While total ontask behavior distinguished institutionalized children from children in community schools and special classes, it did not differentiate retarded children in community based classrooms from one another. (Author/SB)

Flanders' Interaction Analysis, which classifies verbal interaction into 10 categories, was used to compare two groups consisting of seven trainable mentally retarded (TMR) classrooms each. The sample was selected from the extremes of a population of 87 TMR classrooms on the basis of their teachers' high (tending to flexibility and harmony) or low…