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Direct linkR. Jebai; T. Asfar; R. Nakkash; S. Chehab; M. Schmidt; W. Wu; Z. Bursac; W. Maziak – Health Education Research, 2023
This study compares the impact of pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) and their placements on waterpipe parts (device, tobacco and charcoal packages) on health communication outcomes between waterpipe smokers and nonsmokers in Lebanon. An online randomized crossover experimental study was conducted among young adults (n = 403, August 2021) who…
Descriptors: Smoking, Health Behavior, Comparative Analysis, Merchandise Information
Jalal Eddine, Reem; Moacdieh, Nadine Marie – Journal of Drug Education, 2023
The goal was to determine the effects of bilingual cigarette warning labels on the recall performance and attention of young bilingual Lebanese college students. Forty-eight students were shown English-only, Arabic-only, or bilingual cigarette warning labels in 2020. Participants recalled as many of the labels as they could after the experiment…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Smoking, Health Promotion, Information Dissemination
Karam, Fares J.; Warren, Amber; Kibler, Amanda K.; Shweiry, Zinnia – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2020
After the end of the civil war in 1990, a major reconstruction effort was underway in Beirut, the capital of Lebanon. With reconstruction came significant changes to the city's landscape and identity. Adopting a linguistic landscape (LL) lens, this study aims at better understanding these changes by asking what languages are used on the store…
Descriptors: Language Planning, Second Languages, Multilingualism, Foreign Countries
