This study aimed to show a quantitative synthesis on the effect of the Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility Model (TPSR) on personal and social responsibility within physical education (PE) context. To achieve this, a systematic review and meta-analysis on experimental studies was developed. The initial search yielded 874 articles, with 6 articles (n = 1089) meeting the inclusion criteria. The overall analysis for personal responsibility resulted in a significant small effect size with moderate heterogeneity (g = 0.38; 95% CI: [0.17, 0.58], p = <0.01, I2 = 59.39%), as well as for social responsibility (g = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.38; p = <0.01; I2 = 51.50%). The results show that TPSR promotes personal and social responsibility. However, high-quality experimental trials testing the efficacy of the TPSR on broad results are needed.