In this article the authors develop a model that employs a factor analysis structure at Level 2 of a two-level hierarchical linear model (HLM). The model (HLM2F) imposes a structure on a deficient rank Level 2 covariance matrix [tau], and facilitates estimation of a relatively large [tau] matrix. Maximum likelihood estimators are derived via the…

In the field of child and family programs, a needs assessment, which is essentially a fact-finding exercise, can be conducted either by focusing on a particular program or by examining a population of interest. In conducting a needs assessment, it is important to be systematic, be clear about the information which is sought, be specific about the…

With reference to university education, the importance of the education of specialists in fields outside of their specialism is explored. (ND)

This study compared the child-rearing orientations and techniques of low-income white, black, and Mexican-American families. The results indicated that the techniques parents said they used to socialize their children were remarkably similar across groups even though their goals were different. (JMB)

Provides an overview of the current methods of behavior modification, reviews some critical issues, such as fear of control, use of aversive control, and behavior modification in prisons, in an effort to aid in differentiating warranted from unwarranted concerns. Ethical standards and practices are discussed. (Author/AM)

Many persons avoid dentists and dental work. The present study explored the effects of systematic desensitization and social-modeling treatments with placebo and assessment control groups. Modeling was more effective than desensitization as shown by the number of subjects who went to a dentist. (Author)

A major task of this study was to develop a conceptual framework for dealing with variations in openness of school programs (Author)

This paper is a preliminary inquiry by a non-mathematician into graphic methods of sequential planning and ways in which hierarchical analysis and tree structures can be helpful in developing interest in the use of mathematical modeling in the search for creative solutions to real-life problems. Highlights include a discussion of hierarchical…

This proposal suggests library inventory procedures to meet the need for improved security in the California State University libraries and to preserve the integrity of the collections at the 19 campuses. There is a need for a reliable method of inventory for the collection as a whole, in order to determine significant changes in the collection…

Management of bus fleet maintenance requires systematic recordkeeping, management reporting, and work scheduling procedures. Tools for controlling and monitoring routine maintenance activities are in common use. These include defect and fluid consumption reports, work order systems, historical maintenance records, and performance and cost…

Noting that the concept of convention as a rule procedure in a formal analysis of interpersonal communication applies to the mass communication practice known as the "convention" or annual professional meeting of an academic discipline, this paper illustrates the ideological consequence of this eidetic connection. The paper characterizes…

Following a brief discussion of the concept of time as a resource and a clarification of that resource's importance, the author analyzes 20 ways administrators waste time and 40 ways administrators can save time. None of the techniques suggested require special forms or training. The time wasters considered fall into the areas of personal…

This publication reports the results of a National Student Expense Budget Conference, attended by members from all echelons of the national financial aid community. The conference's purpose was to arrive at definitive positions regarding the components of budgets, the methodology of budget construction and the variables which may properly be…

This report describes the Demonstration Alcohol Education Project at the University of Massachusetts. A basic assumption of the program is that most people can learn to drink sensibly. Rather than being abstinence-oriented, it seeks to foster responsible decisions about alcohol use, including comfortable drinking and non-drinking behaviors. It…

Education is both a service enterprise and a product enterprise. Each view has direct bearing on the program structure that ties budget, accounting, and reporting data into classification matrices capable of computerized analysis. Service is defined as an activity or as a tangible object delivered to a specified client. An educational product is a…