This paper concerns microcounseling approaches which involve teaching the component behaviors of effective counseling or interviewing within a problem-solving framework. It notes that Egan, Ivey and Carkhuff, as proponents of this view, stress that later action stages of the problem-solving cycle should be based on an adequate understanding of the…

This paper proposes a model of microcounseling training for increasing the ability of the reading instructor to be a facilitative interviewer when working with students. The microcounseling training model is based on five essential propositions: that it is possible to lessen the complexity of the counseling or interviewing process through focusing…

The development and refinement of the Preservation, Accommodation, and Repatterning model (PAR) took place over a 10-year period. This paper presents a discussion of the evolution of PAR. The paper describes the observations and the line of empirical research findings that guided conceptualization and evaluation of the model. The model was…

One of the difficulties counselor supervisors face is the lack of specific training in learning to deal with difficult supervisees. To address practical as well as theoretical concerns, two related sets of videotapes were prepared. The first set was designed to provide a stimulus for discussions of common supervisory problems. A role player…

Most research on counselor training programs has focused on the trainee's responsive skills, while little research emphasis has been placed on the trainee's initiative dimensions that pave the way for more systematic action programs to help clients change their behavior. To examine various approaches to teaching one of the initiative skills, i.e.,…

In October 1976, under a grant from NIMH to the Human Sexuality Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, the Sex and Disability Training Project began training physically disabled and nondisabled persons as sociosexual educator-counselors for persons with disabilities, their intimates and families, and health…

This paper outlines a 9-week program for the acquisition of basic psychotherapeutic knowledge, attitudes, and skills for pre-practicum graduate students in professional psychology. Basic to the design of the described program are assumptions that participants have previously acquired, and demonstrated, proficiency in interactional skills which are…

Recent research has produced ambiguous results as to whether traditional training in multicultural development, awareness, knowledge, and skills is necessary to produce counseling competence. To explore this question, a study of multicultural counseling competence prior to multicultural counseling training is reported here. For the study, a…

While most counselor training programs highlight basic counseling skills, few programs address the development of counselors' conceptual abilities. This study explores the changes in conceptualizations of counseling and the corresponding changes in the counseling skills of prepracticum counseling trainees. Six graduate students in a counselor…

Empathy has been defined as the single most important dimension in establishing a counseling relationship. This paper describes a study that compares counselor trainees' and a general population of African American males' empathy ratings of racially mixed videotaped counseling sessions. The report addresses the following questions: "Do…

After a short background introduction on educational and vocational guidance in West Germany, this paper, written for counselors and educators, focuses on three main areas: (1) a 3-year training program for all West German employment counselors; (2) a school orientation program offered to grade 8 students by the employment counselors; and (3) a…

Transfer of knowledge and skills from the classroom to real life settings is an essential goal of any educational program. A study of microcounseling skills possessed by graduate students examined their interactions with classmates in a role playing situation. All students participated in skills training, responded to videotaped client vignettes,…

Most counselor training programs make extensive use of videotaped demonstrations to convey information about important aspects of counselor behaviors and skills. This study investigates three questions: (1) Is an "inappropriate" counselor perceived as less effective than an "appropriate" counselor? (2) Is a recognized counselor…