This case study investigated how three New York City schools responded to gentrification's effects as student demographics shifted. I used the conceptual framework of "urban school leaders as cultural workers" to examine the tensions, successes, and challenges inherent in the school gentrification and integration process. I found that…

Dual Language (DL), a bilingual program has expanded at a rapid rate in New York City. This qualitative study explores choice in three public schools (n = 42) with strand Spanish DL programs to determine the role it plays in middle- and higher-income families' decision making. Factors such as location, pedagogical style, environment, and peer…

Multiple studies have shown the potential for school choice policies to benefit middle-class families, often to the detriment of lower income students in the same district. Yet, there is limited research examining the role of policies in promoting inequality by encouraging exclusionary behaviors. In this article, we utilize the concept of…

Drawing from an ethnography, this paper evaluates the motivations of Black American and Black immigrant parents when selecting high schools for their millennial teenage children in a segregated city and suburbs of New York. Black middle class parents encounter racial exclusion in the areas of work and residence. However, more research is needed to…

In gentrifying areas of New York City, this research finds that a small but growing segment of middle-class, mostly White families are choosing to enroll their children in their neighborhood public elementary schools, thus increasing the diversity in those schools. Because residential and school segregation across the nation have traditionally had…

The purpose of this descriptive study was to examine the commitment of Catholic secondary schools to the poor, working, and middle class families of the New York City metropolitan area through the perception of the school president. This study sought to identify the socioeconomic class of students in the Catholic high school populations within…

Change is an intentional process and it requires system leaders to be strategic and purposeful with their actions. In order to effect systemic change within their respective districts, system leaders need to be clear about the moral imperative (Fullan, 2004) of equity work. Superintendents will need to be cognizant and empathetic of the students…

Gentrification is a complex issue with very real repercussions for urban youth. Games make learning fun and provide a way for students to explore complex systems through recursive play. We describe a board game designed to help students explore ratios and proportional reasoning while simultaneously engaging the causes and effects of…

There is a significant, longstanding tradition in British sociological research that renders cultural capital synonymous with whiteness. This article suggests that one substantive factor that contributes to the enduring relationship between whiteness and cultural capital is the paucity of research on the Black and ethnic minority middle classes.…

The paper explores if systemic implementation of collaborative practices impacts the educational culture of a school. Using the fundamental principles of Professional Learning Communities, the research analyzed what collaborative practices were implemented and if they were successful as cultural change agents. Section one discusses the different…

The most exciting innovation in education policy in the last decade is the emergence of highly effective schools in our nation's inner cities, schools where disadvantaged teens make enormous gains in academic achievement. In this book, the author takes readers inside six of these secondary schools and reveals the secret to their success: they are…

Examines forces behind the influx of the black middle class into Harlem, New York, revealing that through often-contradictory notions of development and belonging, African Americans are redefining what characterizes desirable residential communities. Discusses the range of experiences and ideas of black professionals in today's cities, detailing…

THE STAGES OF LANGUAGE ACQUISITION ARE PRESENTED. THE FIRST STAGE OF LANGUAGE ACQUISITION OCCURS IN THE CHILD BEFORE THE AGE OF 2. CHILDREN LEARN FROM THOSE AROUND THEM. THE SECOND STAGE OCCURS WHEN THE CHILD STARTS TO ASK FOR THE NAMES OF OBJECTS. HE IS HELPED MOST BY THE PERSON WHO SHOWS HIM SEVERAL OBJECTS OF THE SAME NAME. THE CHILD THEN SEES…

THE MAJOR THEMES THAT DESRIBED LOW-INCOME CULTURE WERE--SECURITY OVER STATUS, PRAGMATISM AND ANTI-INTELLECTUALISM, ALIENATION ATTITUDE, COOPERATION, PERSON-CENTERED ATTITUDE, PHYSICALISM, TRADITIONALISM, EXCITEMENT, NONJOINING ATTITUDE, AND STABLE, FEMALE BASED EXTENDED FAMILY. THE LEARNING STYLES OF THE LOW-INCOME GROUP WERE PHYSICAL AND VISUAL,…

THIS PAPER DISCUSSES THE INTERSECTION OF THE NONSTANDARD ENGLISH DIALECT OF THE URBAN GHETTOS AND STANDARD ENGLISH. THE AUTHORS DRAW ON SOME PRELIMINARY DATA GATHERED IN PERSONAL INTERVIEWS, INCLUDING A RANDOM SAMPLE OF 100 LOWER- AND MIDDLE-INCOME ADULTS IN THREE AREAS OF SOUTH CENTRAL HARLEM. ALTHOUGH NEGRO SPEECH PATTERNS HAVE BEEN EXPLAINED AS…