The purpose of this study was to examine the general proposition that different maternal child-rearing pattern-types (permissive or restrictive) are associated with high scholastic achievement in elementary school children from four different class-culture groupings (black middle-class, black working-class, white middle-class, and white…

This study focuses on three areas: (1) mother-child and father-child verbal and nonverbal interactions; (2) racial differences in parent-child interactions, children's self esteem and children's racial attitudes; and (3) relationships between parenting style and children's feelings of self-worth and racial preferences. Subjects were 40 black and…

A STUDY WAS MADE OF MATERNAL BEHAVIOR AS IT AFFECTS THE CHILD'S COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING, ATTITUDES TOWARD LEARNING, AND ROLE CONCEPTION. MOTHERS' RESPONSES TO TWO TASKS WERE USED TO ASSESS THEIR ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR. THE FIRST TASK WAS TO ANSWER A QUESTION ABOUT WHAT THE MOTHERS WOULD DO IF THEY HAD THE POWER TO CHANGE EDUCATION IN THE SCHOOLS,…

PART OF A SERIES ON VARIOUS ASPECTS OF DELINQUENCY AND CONTROL, THIS BOOKLET IS CONCERNED WITH THE SUBCULTURE OF AMERICAN YOUTH. FOLLOWING A DEFINITION OF CULTURE AND SUBCULTURE, THE EXTENDED SOCIALIZATION PROCESS AND DEPENDENCY STATUS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE YOUTH CULTURE ARE DISCUSSED. THE MASCULINE ROLE IS EXAMINED IN THE LIGHT OF ITS…

THERE IS GROWING EVIDENCE THAT THE PROCESS OF EDUCATIONAL RETARDATION WHICH HAS BEEN OBSERVED IN MANY CHILDREN FROM ECONOMICALLY DEPRESSED AREAS SETS IN LONG BEFORE THE CHILDREN ENTER THE FIRST GRADE. THIS STUDY WAS DESIGNED TO EXAMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MATERNAL LANGUAGE STYLES AND PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN'S COGNITIVE STYLES AND INTELLECTUAL…

Twenty primary grade teachers of inner-city, lower class, Afro-American students and 20 primary grade teachers of suburban middle class white students were interviewed using George A. Kelly's 'Rep Test' technique, in order to elicit the categories or constructs through which they customarily perceived their students. Two judges applied content…

This intensive longitudinal study of mother-infant interaction during the first year of life focuses on the development of attachment. Data on 26 middle-class families were collected by five methods: (1) naturalistic observation of each mother-infant pair during 4-hour home visits, which occurred at 3-week intervals from the infants' 3rd to 54th…

Although there is a proliferation of educational programs aimed at improving language, there have been only meager attempts to produce measures for diagnostic and evaluative purposes. The project herein described is an attempt to devise a test that could be used: (1) to identify specific speech deviations of black ghetto students in order that…

The effects of three experimental treatments on second and third grade, disadvantaged and nondisadvantaged children's choices between an immediate smaller and deferred larger reward were investigated in a 2 x 3 factorial design. In one condition, subjects were required to earn the larger reinforcement by working during the delay period. A second…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a sequenced, highly-structured direct instruction program in language and reading skills on the intellectual growth, academic achievement, and school adjustment of 303 middle class kindergarten children. Children were assigned to one of four treatment groups: a "direct verbal"…

This report describes an experimental study designed to manipulate and test cross-cultural similarities and differences in interpersonal perception despite the increasingly cosmopolitan nature of people from all cultures, greater frequency of social, business, educational and governmental contact among people from different countries, and the…

During the summer of 1969, the authors, two white middle-class psychologists, employed two black assistants, both students at the University of Illinois and residents of the local community. This was done for two reasons. (1) They were involved in a larger project whose ultimate aim is to train both blacks and whites so that interracial…

Presented here are the findings of a telephone survey of randomly selected middle class families with preschool children. The survey, conducted as part of the Project in Television and Early Childhood Education at the University of Southern California, was initiated to provide a description of preschool children's viewing behavior and…

This study examined the effects of sex, structure, and social interaction on 18 white middle class children, nine boys and nine girls, attending a daycare center. The children were observed over a 6-week period during a 2 1/2-hour free-play time. Results showed that both sexes equally apportion all types of free-play time behavior, show the same…

In 2000, an Idea Brief asserted that the best way to improve education would be to give every schoolchild the opportunity to attend a middle class public school (economic school integration). This brief reviews recent research and policy developments regarding economic school integration, noting that school segregation based on socioeconomic…