Historians of American education readily acknowledge that in the mid-19th century the German university and academic ideal rose in prominence among American academicians, who then worked diligently to replicate the German university model in the United States. During this same time, however, many more Americans were exposed to a different…

This paper attempts to demonstrate that the question of conformity and rebellion is ultimately one of social and political structure by comparing the demographic and economic class lines of the English Boy Scouts and the German Wandervogel. (Author/KM)