Despite well-designed curriculum materials, teachers often face challenges in their implementation due to diverse classroom needs. This paper investigates whether Large Language Models (LLMs) can support middle-school math teachers by helping create high-quality curriculum scaffolds, which we define as the adaptations and supplements teachers…

Racism impacts the lives of students who identify as Black, Indigenous, or People of Color (BIPOC) in a myriad of ways. It is important that future teachers go beyond individual acts of racism to understand how racism operates as a system. To this end, we designed and implemented a statistical investigation with 13 preservice teachers using real…

Integer arithmetic is difficult for students worldwide. Although students' integer thinking has frequently been studied, little is known about typical instructional practice for this difficult topic. Thus, to investigate what resources teachers use, we surveyed U.S. middle-grade teachers who teach negative numbers. About half the teachers said…

This study investigates a range of non-normative ideas that pre-service teachers (PSTs) employ in reasoning about sampling variability. This issue was studied in the context of a content course on statistics and probability for pre-service middle grade teachers at a Midwestern American university. Analysis of seven PSTs' video and screen records…

This dissertation aims to understand the female Saudi mathematics teachers' formative assessment practices after coming back to in-person instruction and the impact of such practices on female student attitudes toward learning mathematics. The study was conducted in two middle schools located in the North and South districts of a large city in…

It is seen that there are few studies on the role of the knowledgeable other when the literature on Lesson Study [LS] is examined. However, for LS to be better understood and applied in different cultures, the role of the knowledgeable other in LS process should be clarified. This study aimed to determine the role of the researcher as the…

At Mayfield Middle School, in order to create personalized and more meaningful learning experiences for the students, it was realized that a typical, traditional schedule was not always conducive to the types of learning experiences teachers wanted to create. Teachers had great ideas for projects and practices that would incorporate more critical…

Attending to students' thinking and using it to inform instruction has been shown to be an effective and equitable teaching practice. Research on teachers' noticing of thinking conceptualizes noticing as a cognitive process, while work on noticing for equity treats noticing as culturally situated but primarily focuses on participation. Drawing on…

The problem addressed through this study is the inconsistent use of mathematics educational technology tools in middle school mathematics courses in the United States. The problem was important to address because inconsistent use of mathematics educational technology tools may impact student performance. The purpose of this basic qualitative study…

Despite well-designed curriculum materials, teachers often face challenges implementing them due to diverse classroom needs. This paper investigates whether large language models (LLMs) can support middle school math teachers by helping create high-quality curriculum scaffolds, which we define as the adaptations and supplements teachers employ to…

We report on a teacher development program aimed at improving mathematics teaching and learning from grades 5-9. The 18-month largely online program arose from a partnership of mathematics education researchers, mathematicians, physicists, and nine school districts. The program employed functions as a lens to reinterpret and interconnect content…

This paper focuses on the discourse of teachers and instructors in a TEAMS (Teaching Exploratively for All Mathematics Students) professional development (PD) setting and on the discursive mechanisms that afford such learning. We conceptualize learning in this PD as a change in a teacher's pedagogical discourse--from alignment with Delivery…

This qualitative study examined educators' perceptions of motivational strategies influencing and motivating middle school students to comprehend and perform in mathematics courses. This study used interview data from 15 participants with 2 to 30 years of teaching experience. Educators may utilize this information in multiple settings within the…

What do teachers know regarding word problem-solving in middle school? How confident are they in their knowledge? What do they believe is essential for them to know to teach word problem-solving? These three questions led to the current study in which 57 teachers who teach word problem-solving in middle school were examined regarding three factors…

Many teachers use problems set in real or imaginary contexts to make mathematics engaging, but these problems can also be used to anchor conceptual understanding. By constructing an understanding of mathematical ideas through solving problems in contexts that make sense to students, they have a better chance of actually understanding those…