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Friedel, Jeanne M.; Cortina, Kai S.; Turner, Julianne C.; Midgley, Carol – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2010
This study examined the effects of change in teacher goal emphases on students' efficacy beliefs in mathematics across the transition to middle school. The sample (N = 929) included primarily White (65%) and Black (27%) students, and approximately one third received free or reduced-fee lunch. Analyses grouped children by cross-classification of…
Descriptors: Middle Schools, Middle School Teachers, Teacher Effectiveness, Student Attitudes
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Shim, S. Serena; Ryan, Allison M.; Anderson, Carolyn J. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2008
The present study advances understanding of (a) the development of achievement goals, (b) the changing association of achievement goals and achievement over time, and (c) the implications of changes in achievement goals for changes in achievement over time. African American and European American adolescents' (N = 588) achievement goals and…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Early Adolescents, Predictor Variables, Motivation