Develops the thesis of the interrelationships of conceptions of adolescents with curricula and school organization by examining the Carnegie Council (1989) reform report on middle schools, "Turning Points: Preparing American Youth for the 21st Century." The article discusses economic and social contexts of the report, historical…

Homosexual middle schoolers are at risk of dropping out because of frequent discriminatory practices by teachers and students. After defining homosexuality, the article discusses homosexual adolescents and their developmental issues, noting implications and strategies for middle schools. Los Angeles' Project 10, which addresses the needs of…

Examines the design of middle schools and cultural differences in the ways Anglos and Navajos view the stages of human development, noting interpretations of child development and their concomitant requisites for appropriate parenting. The article concludes with a discussion of the mismatch between Navajo culture and middle school planners in the…

Examines the current status of cultural diversity in middle school education theory, suggests some developmental characteristics of young adolescents of color that are often overlooked, and proposes some ways that middle school education could be modified to be more responsive to the ethnic and cultural diversity of early adolescents. (SM)