Evidence of a marked decline in the number and rate of net out-migration from the Southern Appalachians during the 1960-66 period as compared with the 1950-60 decade is presented in this paper. There remains, however, considerable variation among the migration patterns for counties in different parts of the region. In all, nearly one-quarter of the 190 counties recorded net migration gains and an almost equal proportion reported net migration losses between 1960 and 1966. The discussion on some possible explanations for the marked change in migration patterns considers industrialization and urbanization, fertility decline, increased enrollments in colleges, and possible errors in the population estimates methodology. The paper concludes by relating the findings to the broader context of rural-to-urban migration as a public policy issue. (Author/DK)