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Harrington, Thomas; Long, Jennifer – Career Development Quarterly, 2013
Interest inventories and career assessments continue to be used to support practitioners as they work to uncover client interests, abilities, skills, motivations, values, and other personal factors that help individuals self-define and construct their career. The skilled use of career inventories and assessments remains a minimum competency of…
Descriptors: Minimum Competency Testing, Interest Inventories, Minimum Competencies, Career Counseling
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Tuman, Myron C. – Journal of General Education, 1979
Presents arguments by Robert Lowe and Matthew Arnold on the 19th century British "Payment by Results" Plan, whereby schools received funds for students who passed minimal competency tests. Emphasizes that the Victorian experience produced acrimonious teachers with low morale and encourages contemporary minimal testing advocates not to…
Descriptors: Academic Standards, Basic Skills, Competency Based Education, Educational History