Kolb's experiential learning cycle is typically applied in short-term, episodic snapshots of time, while understating the implications of continual, longer-term learning. This fixed-frame, episodic usage may diminish the knowledge that learners bring into an educational experience and the continued shaping of knowledge through future experiences.…

Therapy is usually described as an indoor activity, centering on verbal dialogue between therapist and client(s). Based on a qualitative study conducted with a group of children with learning difficulties, this article presents a way in which therapy can take place creatively in nature, which serves not only as a therapeutic setting but also as a…

An educational model to realize the goal of dynamic intellectualism is presented. The model consists of a framework of integrative and subject-specific objectives, and a series of learning activities in the twin domains of theory and practice with which to meet the objectives. (SK)

A decision model is presented to help teachers intervene when severely disabled students fail to respond to relevant cues in the community. Five phases are addressed, including identifying those errors and deciding whether to allow a natural correction to occur. (CL)

Presents a new definition of outdoor education. Describes the different approaches to outdoor education advocated in adventure education and environmental education. Proposes that an integration of approaches can result in a functional outdoor education experience. (ML)

J. Pfeiffer and J. Jones' experiential learning model can be modified to direct students toward learning principles, processes and skills which have an influence on relationship dynamics. Students have a particular relationship in mind (called a focus partner) as they study the concepts. Students are encouraged to watch how the concepts would…

A fifth- and sixth-grade project is described that requires each student to build a bridge to specified dimensions using only specified materials. (MK)

Explains a three-dimensional conceptual model designed to help outdoor educators plan and evaluate programs that provide primary and reflective experiences in, about, and for the outdoors and that bring about positive growth in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains of learning. (JHZ)

Presents a model of an environmental studies course that reflects a spaceship earth philosophy. Includes a rationale and a listing of concepts and processes for this action oriented program. Suggests several interdisciplinary experiences that emphasize problem-solving and decision-making skills. (ML)

Purpose: Seeks to explain some of the dynamics of scripts creation as used in training, to offer some theoretical underpinning regarding the influence of script creation on behavior and performance, and to offer some examples of how script creation is applied in training activities. Design/methodology/approach: The paper explains in detail and…

Considers nature of learning; significance of promoting learning rather than teaching; active nature of learning from experience; role of simulations and games in promoting learning; process of debriefing and its relationship to reflection; and teacher role. The Learning System, which relates general systems theory to process of learning, is…

Discusses several experiential education learning models and explores the concept of "processing" as an integral component of experiential learning. Presents a method of approaching the design of processing activities and makes suggestions for successful use of the method. (SB)

The authors present an alternative model for training in organizational development (OD) which differs from other such models by being eclectic, inexpensive, and applicable to participants with varying degrees of experience. A design for a training laboratory is elaborated and related to theories about OD and about learning processes. (SK)

Attempts to outline a curriculum theory for initial teacher education and a conceptual model of professionalism. Addresses occupational content, the nature of the professional role and learning, professional competence, knowledge, and curriculum and teaching. Criticizes the trend toward more school-based initial training of teachers. Argues that…

"Imaginization" is a type of organizational thinking designed to help managers cope with a turbulent world. A full discussion of this process is presented here. The text shows how managers can develop capacities of imaginization, but the overall purpose of the book is to help administrators develop their creative abilities. Its 13 chapters…