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Koedel, Cory; Xiang, P. Brett – National Center for Analysis of Longitudinal Data in Education Research (CALDER), 2015
We use data from workers in the largest public-sector occupation in the United States -- teaching -- to examine the effect of pension enhancements on employee retention. Specifically, we study a 1999 enhancement to the benefit formula for public school teachers in St. Louis that resulted in an immediate and dramatic increase in their incentives to…
Descriptors: Government Employees, Public School Teachers, Public Sector, Retirement Benefits
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Bugg, Julie M.; Jacoby, Larry L.; Chanani, Swati – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2011
The item-specific proportion congruency (ISPC) effect is the finding of attenuated interference for mostly incongruent as compared to mostly congruent items. A debate in the Stroop literature concerns the mechanisms underlying this effect. Noting a confound between proportion congruency and contingency, Schmidt and Besner (2008) suggested that…
Descriptors: Evidence, Experiments, Stimuli, Associative Learning