Examines the relationship of intelligence to the internal and external world of the individual and to the experience of the individual. Also examines competing models and metaphors that have motivated questions about these relationships. Indicates that a theory that addressed all three areas simultaneously is the triarchic theory. (JN)

Outlines a conceptual framework, the Reflective Judgement model, which describes predictable differences in the intellectual development of college students. Validation attempts are discussed, and applications leading to sound counseling and educational interventions are suggested. The model is illustrated with an example of a classroom assignment…

Uses Perry's scheme of intellectual development to describe an informal model of cognitive development assessment. Suggests resident characteristics that residence hall staff might detect in students regarding topics students and staff encounter in halls. Presents ways for residence hall staff to use information to better understand students and…

The term, "schema," used largely as a descriptive convenience rather than a theoretical guidepost in social psychology is examined through an analysis of its development, function, and structure. This paper articulates a model of schema development in adults by defining a schema as a representation of some stimulus domain and a set of…

Discusses the value of diagnostic classification systems to counseling professionals. Describes the Ecological Diagnostic Classification Plan, an approach to diagnosis that includes the environment as a possible cause of pathology and target of intervention. (Author/KS)

Education should help students with their intellectual as well as emotional growth. The counseling center at Harvard University, called the Bureau of Study Counsel, assumes that students' dilemmas are not simply academic. Generally, there are three kinds of services at the Harvard Bureau of Study Counsel: didactic-cognitive techniques; group…