Notes the inconsistent findings that characterize research on marital instability and proposes several potential methodological sources of these inconsistencies. Presents an illustrative application to data from two recent national representative probability samples. (JAC)

Many fundamental questions about the functional meaning of resilience remain to be answered. There are many different approaches to resilience. Some studies have described functional characteristics of children who demonstrate resilience, while other studies have looked to the temperament of the child and characteristics of the environment to find…

Discusses six factors that help determine which groups and individuals will be most successful in the process of bicultural socialization: (1) cultural overlap; (2) cultural translators; (3) feedback; (4) problem solving skills; (5) bilingualism; and (6) appearance. Discusses implications for social work. (JAC)

Examined marital cohesion as a component of marital adjustment. Seven variables related to adjustment were entered into a path model. Over 36 percent of the variance in cohesion was explained by the model. Four hypothesized direct effects were supported (i.e., for comparison level, self-disclosure anxiety, spousal hostility, and sex). (JAC)

Reexamined previous statistical comparisons of two models for adolescent drug abuse using new statistical estimation methods in causal modeling not requiring assumptions about normally distributed variables. An asymptotically distribution free method shows that the models fit even better than assumed in the initial work. (Author/JAC)

Explores the utility of Bandura's self-efficacy theory for studying older adults' behavioral competencies in college. Expectations of personal efficacy are viewed as mediating mechanisms for predicting the initiation and persistence of educationally relevant behaviors. Theoretical issues related to the assessment of self-efficacy and performance…

Presents a conceptual framework of potentially broad applicability in the study of spouses of persons suffering from impairments. The model integrates previous research in the alcoholism field and provides a more comprehensive account of spouse functioning than is afforded by focusing only on partner drinking behavior. (Author/RC)

Presents the drastic effects that selection on several variables can sometimes have on the validity of predictor variables. Discusses practical implications of correcting correlations for selection effects and reporting results of validity studies. (Author)

Investigated predictors of drug treatment retention of individual clients in terms of a contextual model. Found that the socioecological variables predicted the types of clients that entered treatment in terms of clinic level (aggregate) variables, and these predicted the corresponding individual level client variables and client outcomes. (Author)

Shows that attributions about the causes of another person's behavior are only moderately good predictors of behavior. Reviews a particular area, showing the effects of a leader's attributions about a subordinate's behavior on the leader's actions towards that subordinate. Other factors are as important in predicting behavior as attributions.…

Presents a method to improve client classification. Reviews clinical prediction models and statistical prediction issues. In classifying clients for remedial services, utility of the prediction scheme depends on gains accrued by its use over program base rates and relative cost. This assumes that differential treatments parallel diagnostic…

With the development of refined theory and increased measurement sophistication in family research, multidimensional concepts and multiple indicators are appearing in the literature. This paper provides a nonmathematical introduction to canonical correlation analysis and three empirical examples that demonstrate the technique's applicability in…

Presents a revision of Scanzoni's model of female status attainment. Analysis of Scanzoni's data provided strong support for the revision. Findings suggest that women's sex role attitudes are pivotal influences on income and continuity in the labor market. (Author/RC)

Presents a multivariate model for explaining cross-cultural variation in sexual stratification as implied in Collins's theory. Tested the model with subsample of societies (N=74) from the standard cross-cultural sample. Results were inconsistent with Collins's theory. Kinship and family variables were better predictors than economic and political…

Integrates the traditional activity theory explanation of adjustment to aging with the aged subculture theory advanced by Rose. A path model to data from two subsamples of older adults. Self-conception is shown to be an important intervening variable between social activity and life satisfaction. (Author)