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John Hollander; Andrew Olney – Cognitive Science, 2024
Recent investigations on how people derive meaning from language have focused on task-dependent shifts between two cognitive systems. The symbolic (amodal) system represents meaning as the statistical relationships between words. The embodied (modal) system represents meaning through neurocognitive simulation of perceptual or sensorimotor systems…
Descriptors: Verbs, Symbolic Language, Language Processing, Semantics
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Wang, Jin; Tang, Huijun; Deng, Yuan – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2016
The automaticity level and attention priority/strategy are two major theories that have attempted to explain the mechanism underlying the Stroop effect. Training is an effective way to manipulate the experience with the two dimensions (ink color and color word) in the Stroop task. In order to distinguish the above two factors (the automaticity or…
Descriptors: Attention, Color, Learning Processes, Models
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Joutsenlahti, Jorma; Kulju, Pirjo – Education Sciences, 2017
The purpose of this study is to present a multimodal languaging model for mathematics education. The model consists of mathematical symbolic language, a pictorial language, and a natural language. By applying this model, the objective was to study how 4th grade pupils (N = 21) understand the concept of division. The data was collected over six…
Descriptors: Case Studies, Arithmetic, Elementary School Mathematics, Elementary School Students
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Ping, Raedy M.; Goldin-Meadow, Susan – Developmental Psychology, 2008
Including gesture in instruction facilitates learning. Why? One possibility is that gesture points out objects in the immediate context and thus helps ground the words learners hear in the world they see. Previous work on gesture's role in instruction has used gestures that either point to or trace paths on objects, thus providing support for this…
Descriptors: Symbolic Language, Nonverbal Communication, Pretests Posttests, Models
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Bates, Elizabeth; And Others – Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 1980
Studies infants' symbolic gestures in and out of context with objects varying in degree of perceptual/contextual support. Results indicate vocabulary production correlates with symbolic gesture out of context and that vocabulary comprehension correlates with symbolic gesture in context. Gestures that bear the strongest relationship to language are…
Descriptors: Comprehension, Infants, Language Skills, Models
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Bierschenk, Bernhard – Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1982
Cognitive model of processing symbolic information abstracted from verbal expressions should consider running text, not scattered sentences. A valid abstraction of information structures should be based on explicit encoding of intentionality and valuation. A model must cope with empirical context and novelty instead of truth-values in…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Epistemology, Language Processing, Models
Pearson, Charls; Slamecka, Vladimir – 1975
Research on the role of semiosis--a process in which something functions as a sign to an organism--in information processes is described. The object of the study is the structure of various types of signs, and a determination of the relationship between sign structure and information properties. The two goals focused on during the period for which…
Descriptors: Information Science, Information Scientists, Information Theory, Language Patterns