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Matt, Georg E.; Wilson, Sandra Jo – Evaluation and Program Planning, 1994
A fuzzy set model is offered for interpreting vague frequency expressions, such as "rarely" and "sometimes." Results with 152 undergraduates reporting marijuana use reflect different frequency expressions for the same level of use and suggest that self-report validity may be enhanced by analyzing frequency expressions as fuzzy…
Descriptors: Context Effect, Higher Education, Marijuana, Models

Strasser, Stephen; Deniston, O. Lynn – Evaluation and Program Planning, 1978
Factors involved in pre-planned and post-planned evaluation of program effectiveness are compared: (1) reliability and cost of data; (2) internal and external validity; (3) obtrusiveness and threat; (4) goal displacement and program direction. A model to help program administrators decide which approach is more appropriate is presented. (Author/MH)
Descriptors: Data Collection, Decision Making, Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Methods

Ciarlo, James A.; And Others – Evaluation and Program Planning, 1992
A summary is provided of a large-scale needs assessment research project in Colorado that tested the validity of several statistical procedures or models for indirectly estimating the need for alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health services across geographic subregions using a Colorado Social Health Survey sample of 4,745 adults. (SLD)
Descriptors: Adults, Alcohol Abuse, Delivery Systems, Drug Rehabilitation