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Jarosz, Andrew F.; Wiley, Jennifer – Intelligence, 2012
Current theories concerning individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) suggest that WMC reflects the ability to control the focus of attention and resist interference and distraction. The current set of experiments tested whether susceptibility to distraction is partially responsible for the established relationship between…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Individual Differences, Correlation, Task Analysis
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Dodonov, Yury S.; Dodonova, Yulia A. – Intelligence, 2012
In the present study, speeded tasks with differing assumed difficulties of the trials are regarded as a special class of simple cognitive tasks. Exploratory latent growth modeling with data-driven shape of a growth curve and nonlinear structured latent curve modeling with predetermined monotonically increasing functions were used to analyze…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Intervals, Reaction Time, Cognitive Ability
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Brydges, Christopher R.; Reid, Corinne L.; Fox, Allison M.; Anderson, Mike – Intelligence, 2012
Executive functions (EF) and intelligence are of critical importance to success in many everyday tasks. Working memory, or updating, which is one latent variable identified in confirmatory factor analytic models of executive functions, predicts intelligence (both fluid and crystallised) in adults, but inhibition and shifting do not (Friedman et…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Learning Disabilities, Inhibition, Task Analysis
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Lakin, Joni M.; Gambrell, James L. – Intelligence, 2012
Measures of broad fluid abilities including verbal, quantitative, and figural reasoning are commonly used in the K-12 school context for a variety of purposes. However, differentiation of these domains is difficult for young children (grades K-2) who lack basic linguistic and mathematical literacy. This study examined the latent factor structure…
Descriptors: Evidence, Validity, Item Response Theory, Numeracy
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Rypma, Bart; Prabhakaran, Vivek – Intelligence, 2009
An enduring enterprise of experimental psychology has been to account for individual differences in human performance. Recent advances in neuroimaging have permitted testing of hypotheses regarding the neural bases of individual differences but this burgeoning literature has been characterized by inconsistent results. We argue that careful design…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Diagnostic Tests, Short Term Memory, Brain
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Hunt, Earl; MacLeod, Colin M. – Intelligence, 1978
The contrasting approaches of differential psychology and cognitive psychology to the same individual differences data are outlined. Using data from the Clark and Chase sentence-picture verification task, four loci of conflict between these two disciplines are identified: (1) theory versus measurement; (2) meaningfulness versus reliability; (3)…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Processes, Data Analysis, Experimental Psychology