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Le Mens, Gael; Denrell, Jerker – Psychological Review, 2011
Recent research has argued that several well-known judgment biases may be due to biases in the available information sample rather than to biased information processing. Most of these sample-based explanations assume that decision makers are "naive": They are not aware of the biases in the available information sample and do not correct for them.…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Sampling, Information Processing, Research
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Katsikopoulos, Konstantinos V.; Schooler, Lael J.; Hertwig, Ralph – Psychological Review, 2010
Heuristics embodying limited information search and noncompensatory processing of information can yield robust performance relative to computationally more complex models. One criticism raised against heuristics is the argument that complexity is hidden in the calculation of the cue order used to make predictions. We discuss ways to order cues…
Descriptors: Heuristics, Computer Simulation, Cues, Prediction
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Sheynikhovich, Denis; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Strosslin, Thomas; Arleo, Angelo; Gerstner, Wulfram – Psychological Review, 2009
Modern psychological theories of spatial cognition postulate the existence of a geometric module for reorientation. This concept is derived from experimental data showing that in rectangular arenas with distinct landmarks in the corners, disoriented rats often make diagonal errors, suggesting their preference for the geometric (arena shape) over…
Descriptors: Cues, Spatial Ability, Geometric Concepts, Information Processing
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Carpenter, Patricia A.; Just, Marcel Adam – Psychological Review, 1976
Discusses a number of issues that bear on the scientific usefulness of sentence verification models. These models explain how information from a sentence is compared to its referent. (Editor)
Descriptors: Critical Thinking, Information Processing, Linguistic Competence, Models
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Tanenhaus, M. K.; And Others – Psychological Review, 1976
Considers several recent information-processing models of sentence-picture matching to assess their implications for sentence processing. (Editor/RK)
Descriptors: Charts, Comprehension, Evaluative Thinking, Information Processing
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Ratcliff, Roger – Psychological Review, 1988
The technique for examining the time course of information processing developed by D. E. Meyer et. al. (1988) is analyzed. Research is provided, which suggests that this new method gives important qualitative support to some stochastic models and quantitative support to the continuous diffusion model of information processing. (SLD)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Higher Education, Information Processing, Models
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Van Overwalle, Frank; Heylighen, Francis – Psychological Review, 2006
A multiagent connectionist model is proposed that consists of a collection of individual recurrent networks that communicate with each other and, as such, is a network of networks. The individual recurrent networks simulate the process of information uptake, integration, and memorization within individual agents, and the communication of beliefs…
Descriptors: Interpersonal Communication, Trust (Psychology), Social Networks, Information Processing
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Sternberg, Robert J. – Psychological Review, 1977
Describes alternative theoretical positions regarding (a) the component information processes used in analogical reasoning and (b) strategies for combining these processes. Also presents results from three experiments on analogical reasoning. (Author/RK)
Descriptors: Analogy, Charts, Information Processing, Information Theory
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Bandura, Albert – Psychological Review, 1977
This research presents an integrative theoretical framework to explain and to predict psychological changes achieved by different modes of treatment. This theory states that psychological procedures, whatever their form, alter the level and strength of "self-efficacy". (Editor/RK)
Descriptors: Arousal Patterns, Behavior Change, Behavior Theories, Charts
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Meyer, David E.; And Others – Psychological Review, 1988
Theoretical/empirical foundations on which reaction times are measured and interpreted are discussed. Models of human information processing are reviewed. A hybrid procedure and analytical framework are introduced, using a speed-accuracy decomposition technique to analyze the intermediate products of rapid mental processes. Results invalidate many…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, College Students, Decision Making, Higher Education
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Bjork, Elizabeth Ligon; Murray, J. Thomas – Psychological Review, 1977
This research assesses whether the presence of noise elements in a visual display affects the detection of target letters at the perceptual or feature extraction level of information processing and whether (a) input or processing channels operate in an independent or interactive fashion and (b) how the spatial relation between signal and noise…
Descriptors: Auditory Stimuli, Charts, Information Processing, Letters (Alphabet)