Art therapists must overcome systemic challenges in order to continue to provide art therapy services in U.S. public schools. An understanding of how art therapy programs fit within the national standards of the American School Counselor Association (ASCA) and the ASCA National Model may help in this effort. This review article compares recently…

Despite the popularity of planned change efforts, the failure rates of implementation are as high as 50 to 70 percent (Lewis & Seibold, 1998). While these efforts are affected by technical issues, the organizations' approach to change, structure, technological capabilities, and organizational culture and communication practices are…

Faced with rising demand for information about early childhood programs, states need to find tools and strategies to monitor the progress of and to identify high-quality early childhood programs. In response, REL Mid-Atlantic convened a regional workgroup for state personnel who work with the systems containing early childhood data. The workgroup…

Across the United States, teachers and teacher educators are facing increased accountability for improved student achievement. Using assessment results to inform instruction provides a catalyst to improve student outcomes and is a key skill for preservice teacher candidates. The process of data-based decision making is integral to performance…

The first of two articles that deal with accountability. The articles outline a model that could be followed in implementing accountability systems. (JF)

It is the intent of this article to describe a philosophy and initial application of an accountability system which can aid in coping with the problems of our occupationally related schools." (Author/AA)

Planning and management is now and will continue to be a way of life for the academy. The shape of education in the years to come will be determined by the ability to accommodate management systems and mold them to a desired form. As the academic profession embraces planning systems and learns to live with a dismal financial future, leadership…

CUNY's comprehensive data base and its geographic and educational parameters make possible the computation of an Admissions Accountability Index built on an input-output (hours-applications) ratio. It helps staff determine which high schools need and deserve more time and service, and helps high-school advisers compare their results with similar…

There are positive features to MBO Systems, however, this article will help to dispel the mythology that associates them as imperatives in the "T & E" (Thorough and Efficient) process. (Editor/RK)

This essay identifies conceptual directions, as alternatives for development, of a model for the implementation of accountability systems in schools. In his discussion, the author draws a fundamental distinction between relatively mechanical assessments of the performance of operations and relatively qualitative evaluations of the consequences of…

Highlights the development of a data management system to facilitate service delivery by the career planning and placement department at the University of Michigan-Ann Arbor. Recounts the development of the system, providing the context for data management and describing the issues associated with building and implementing a data model, and the…

In response to the demand for accountability of pupil personnel services, this report presents a management model that capitalizes on the following concepts: self, others, outcome, management. In establishing the prerequisites for effective individual management of services, the report discusses needs assessment, outcome specification, effective…

An address delivered at the opening session of the 1973 National Business Education Association Convention. (Editor)