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Direct linkCohen, Dale J.; Cromley, Amanda R.; Freda, Katelyn E.; White, Madeline – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Here, we present a strong test of the hypothesis that sacrificial moral dilemmas are solved using the same value-based decision mechanism that operates on decisions concerning economic goods. To test this hypothesis, we developed Psychological Value Theory. Psychological Value Theory is an expansion and generalization of Cohen and Ahn's (2016)…
Descriptors: Hypothesis Testing, Decision Making, Moral Values, Problem Solving
Download full textPeter Organisciak; Michele Newman; David Eby; Selcuk Acar; Denis Dumas – Grantee Submission, 2023
Purpose: Most educational assessments tend to be constructed in a close-ended format, which is easier to score consistently and more affordable. However, recent work has leveraged computation text methods from the information sciences to make open-ended measurement more effective and reliable for older students. This study asks whether such text…
Descriptors: Learning Analytics, Child Language, Semantics, Age Differences
Yan, Jun; Aseltine, Robert H., Jr.; Harel, Ofer – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2013
Comparing regression coefficients between models when one model is nested within another is of great practical interest when two explanations of a given phenomenon are specified as linear models. The statistical problem is whether the coefficients associated with a given set of covariates change significantly when other covariates are added into…
Descriptors: Computation, Regression (Statistics), Comparative Analysis, Models
Leue, Anja; Lange, Sebastian – Assessment, 2011
The assessment of positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) by means of the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule has received a remarkable popularity in the social sciences. Using a meta-analytic tool--namely, reliability generalization (RG)--population reliability scores of both scales have been investigated on the basis of a random…
Descriptors: Social Sciences, True Scores, Generalization, Affective Behavior
Peer reviewedSloutsky, Vladimir M.; Lo, Ya-Fen; Fisher, Anna V. – Child Development, 2001
Two experiments tested a model of young children's induction that specified contributions of linguistic labels and perceptual similarity to children's induction. Results support model predictions and point to a developmental shift, from treating linguistic labels as an attribute contributing to similarity to treating them as markers of a common…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Children, Classification, Cognitive Development
Peer reviewedDroit-Volet, Sylvie; Clement, Angelique; Wearden, John – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2001
Tested 3-, 5-, and 8-year-olds on temporal generalization with visual stimuli. Found increasing sharpness of generalization gradient with increasing age, and change from symmetrical to adult-like asymmetrical generalization gradients among 8-year-olds. Theoretical models attributed changes to increasing precision of the reference memory with…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Children, Generalization, Memory
Peer reviewedRosenthal, Ted L.; Zimmerman, Barry J. – Child Development, 1973
Degree of organization in presenting stimuli, and training through modeling versus guided practice, were studied on a dial-reading concept using 144 third or fifth graders. (ST)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Concept Formation, Elementary School Students, Generalization
Peer reviewedSmeets, Paul M.; Kauffman, James M. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 1980
Two experiments were conducted to assess whether induced reciprocal imitation would generalize to an observer other than the one who imitated the child and to a task different from the one on which the child had been imitated. Subjects were 19 kindergartners and 23 first graders selected from a private elementary school in Holland. (MP)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, Foreign Countries
Ivanova, Masha Y.; Achenbach, Thomas M.; Rescorla, Leslie A.; Dumenci, Levent; Almqvist, Fredrik; Bilenberg, Niels; Bird, Hector; Broberg, Anders G.; Dobrean, Anca; Dopfner, Manfred; Erol, Nese; Forns, Maria; Hannesdottir, Helga; Kanbayashi, Yasuko; Lambert, Michael C.; Leung, Patrick; Minaei, Asghar; Mulatu, Mesfin S.; Novik, Torunn; Oh, Kyung Ja; Roussos, Alexandra; Sawyer, Michael; Simsek, Zeynep; Steinhausen, Hans- Christoph; Weintraub, Sheila; Winkler Metzke, Christa; Wolanczyk, Tomasz; Zilber, Nelly; Zukauskiene, Rita; Verhulst, Frank C. – Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2007
As a basis for theories of psychopathology, clinical psychology and related disciplines need sound taxonomies that are generalizable across diverse populations. To test the generalizability of a statistically derived 8-syndrome taxonomic model for youth psychopathology, confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were performed on the Youth Self-Report…
Descriptors: Psychopathology, Child Behavior, Check Lists, Age
Peer reviewedGibson, David – International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 1991
Recent experimental research is synthesized to identify distinctive biobehavioral characteristics of Down's Syndrome persons across their lifespan. It is argued that educational and other intervention programs have not demonstrated strong gains having significant durability or generalization. Recommended is an interactionist function-structure…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Behavior Patterns, Children, Cognitive Development
Fisch, Shalom M. – 2001
Although numerous research studies have shown that viewing educational television results in significant gains in preschool and school-age children's academic knowledge or skills, there is less consistent evidence regarding transfer of learning, the application of knowledge or skills learned in one context to a new problem or situation. This paper…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Children, Childrens Television, Cognitive Development
