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Hoeben Mannaert, Lara; Dijkstra, Katinka – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2021
Over the past decade or so, developments in language comprehension research in the domain of cognitive aging have converged on support for resilience in older adults with regard to situation model updating when reading texts. Several studies have shown that even though age-related declines in language comprehension appear at the level of the…
Descriptors: Young Adults, Older Adults, Language Processing, Resilience (Psychology)
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Robert-Mihai Botarleanu; Micah Watanabe; Mihai Dascalu; Scott A. Crossley; Danielle S. McNamara – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2024
Age of Acquisition (AoA) scores approximate the age at which a language speaker fully understands a word's semantic meaning and represent a quantitative measure of the relative difficulty of words in a language. AoA word lists exist across various languages, with English having the most complete lists that capture the largest percentage of the…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
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Robert-Mihai Botarleanu; Micah Watanabe; Mihai Dascalu; Scott A. Crossley; Danielle S. McNamara – Grantee Submission, 2023
Age of Acquisition (AoA) scores approximate the age at which a language speaker fully understands a word's semantic meaning and represent a quantitative measure of the relative difficulty of words in a language. AoA word lists exist across various languages, with English having the most complete lists that capture the largest percentage of the…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
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Bardel, Camilla; Falk, Ylva – Second Language Research, 2021
This text comments on the Keynote article 'Microvariation in multilingual situations: The importance of property-by-property acquisition' by Marit Westergaard, who argues for Full Transfer Potential within the Linguistic Proximity Model in third language (L3) acquisition. The commentary points at some theoretical and methodological issues related…
Descriptors: Native Language, Second Language Learning, Multilingualism, Transfer of Training
Jin Wang – ProQuest LLC, 2022
Reading is an essential skill for daily life and academic success. According to the connectionist model of reading, word recognition involves orthographic, phonological, and semantic processing, as well as the interactions among them. Language skill such as phonological processing, develops earlier than reading acquisition, and thus likely serves…
Descriptors: Reading Skills, Phonological Awareness, Elementary School Students, Phonemes
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Heyselaar, Evelien; Wheeldon, Linda; Segaert, Katrien – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Structural priming is the tendency to repeat syntactic structure across sentences and can be divided into short-term (prime to immediately following target) and long-term (across an experimental session) components. This study investigates how nondeclarative memory could support both the transient, short-term and the persistent, long-term…
Descriptors: Priming, Memory, Short Term Memory, Perception
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Janciauskas, Marius; Chang, Franklin – Cognitive Science, 2018
Language learning requires linguistic input, but several studies have found that knowledge of second language (L2) rules does not seem to improve with more language exposure (e.g., Johnson & Newport, 1989). One reason for this is that previous studies did not factor out variation due to the different rules tested. To examine this issue, we…
Descriptors: Linguistic Input, Second Language Learning, Age Differences, Syntax
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Gullifer, Jason W.; Titone, Debra – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
We investigated whether cross-language activation is sensitive to shifting language demands and language experience during first and second language (i.e., L1, L2) reading. Experiment 1 consisted of L1 French-L2 English bilinguals reading in the L2, and Experiment 2 consisted of L1 English-L2 French bilinguals reading in the L1. Both groups read…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Second Language Learning, Native Language, French
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Wannagat, Wienke; Waizenegger, Gesine; Hauf, Juliane; Nieding, Gerhild – Discourse Processes: A multidisciplinary journal, 2018
This study investigated the effects of auditory and audiovisual text presentation on the three levels of mental representations assumed in theories of discourse processing. A sample of 106 children aged 7, 9, and 11 years listened to 16 short narrative texts, 8 of which were accompanied by a series of pictures illustrating the content.…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Discourse Analysis, Memory, Models
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Rissman, Lilia; Goldin-Meadow, Susan – Language Learning and Development, 2017
Across a diverse range of languages, children proceed through similar stages in their production of causal language: their initial verbs lack internal causal structure, followed by a period during which they produce causative overgeneralizations, indicating knowledge of a productive causative rule. We asked in this study whether a child not…
Descriptors: Verbs, Language Acquisition, Linguistic Input, Child Language
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Sela, Itamar; Izzetoglu, Meltem; Izzetoglu, Kurtulus; Onaral, Banu – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2014
The dual route model (DRM) of reading suggests two routes of reading development: the phonological and the orthographic routes. It was proposed that although the two routes are active in the process of reading; the first is more involved at the initial stages of reading acquisition, whereas the latter needs more reading training to mature. A…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Language Processing, Spectroscopy, Phonology
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Ratcliff, Roger; Love, Jessica; Thompson, Clarissa A.; Opfer, John E. – Child Development, 2012
Children (n = 130; M[subscript age] = 8.51-15.68 years) and college-aged adults (n = 72; M[subscript age] = 20.50 years) completed numerosity discrimination and lexical decision tasks. Children produced longer response times (RTs) than adults. R. Ratcliff's (1978) diffusion model, which divides processing into components (e.g., quality of…
Descriptors: Children, Young Adults, Older Adults, Reaction Time
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McKoon, Gail; Ratcliff, Roger – Journal of Memory and Language, 2013
In the domain of discourse processing, it has been claimed that older adults (60-0-year-olds) are less likely to encode and remember some kinds of information from texts than young adults. The experiment described here shows that they do make a particular kind of inference to the same extent that college-age adults do. The inferences examined were…
Descriptors: Accuracy, Theory Practice Relationship, Young Adults, Inferences
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Karbach, Julia; Kray, Jutta – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2007
Age-related changes in the use of verbal processes for the efficient switching between tasks were investigated in 5-year-old children (N = 32, M age = 5.9 years) and 9-year-old children (N = 32, M age = 9.4 years). Task switching was assessed by means of a cued switching paradigm to examine two switching components: (a) to maintain and select and…
Descriptors: Children, Age Differences, Language Processing, Task Analysis
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Just, Marcel Adam; Carpenter, Patricia A. – Psychological Review, 1992
A theoretical integration of the storage and processing functions of working memory in language comprehension is presented. A computational theory is described in which storage and processing are fueled by activation. Capacity is expressed as the maximum amount of activation available in working memory for either storage or processing. (SLD)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Comprehension, Computer Simulation, Epistemology
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