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Ulitzsch, Esther; Domingue, Benjamin W.; Kapoor, Radhika; Kanopka, Klint; Rios, Joseph A. – Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 2023
Common response-time-based approaches for non-effortful response behavior (NRB) in educational achievement tests filter responses that are associated with response times below some threshold. These approaches are, however, limited in that they require a binary decision on whether a response is classified as stemming from NRB; thus ignoring…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Responses, Behavior, Achievement Tests
Stamovlasis, Dimitrios – Complicity: An International Journal of Complexity and Education, 2017
This paper discusses investigations in science education addressing the nonlinear dynamical hypothesis. Learning science is a suitable field for applying interdisciplinary research and predominately for testing psychological theories. It was demonstrated that in this area the paradigm of complexity and nonlinear dynamics have offered theoretical…
Descriptors: Science Education, Educational Research, Research Methodology, Predictor Variables
Shteingart, Hanan; Neiman, Tal; Loewenstein, Yonatan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2013
We quantified the effect of first experience on behavior in operant learning and studied its underlying computational principles. To that goal, we analyzed more than 200,000 choices in a repeated-choice experiment. We found that the outcome of the first experience has a substantial and lasting effect on participants' subsequent behavior, which we…
Descriptors: Operant Conditioning, Behavior, Models, Reinforcement
Stuttgen, Maik C.; Yildiz, Ali; Gunturkun, Onur – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2011
Pigeons responded in a perceptual categorization task with six different stimuli (shades of gray), three of which were to be classified as "light" or "dark", respectively. Reinforcement probability for correct responses was varied from 0.2 to 0.6 across blocks of sessions and was unequal for correct light and dark responses. Introduction of a new…
Descriptors: Infants, Reinforcement, Probability, Animals
Bunting, William J. – ProQuest LLC, 2012
The overall direction of this research is to improve the development of information systems within federal agency modernization efforts so that the systems produce a value to the federal agency that is significantly greater upon implementation than the investment required to develop the systems. Federal agencies are modernizing at an increasing…
Descriptors: Information Systems, Public Agencies, Federal Government, Improvement
Wilks, Duffy; Ratheal, Juli D'Ann – Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education and Development, 2010
The authors review the history of the concept of freedom in humanistic counseling theory and present a contemporary rationale for including certain negative implications of existential indeterminate free will in the theoretical foundations of the profession. Implications for counseling and a table of definitions that clarifies unique constructs…
Descriptors: Counseling Theories, History, Psychology, Humanism
McDowell, J. J. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2004
Darwinian selection by consequences was instantiated in a computational model that consisted of a repertoire of behaviors undergoing selection, reproduction, and mutation over many generations. The model in effect created a digital organism that emitted behavior continuously. The behavior of this digital organism was studied in three series of…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Models, Intervals, Behavior
Quenette, Mary A.; Nicewander, W. Alan; Thomasson, Gary L. – Applied Psychological Measurement, 2006
Model-based equating was compared to empirical equating of an Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) test form. The model-based equating was done using item pretest data to derive item response theory (IRT) item parameter estimates for those items that were retained in the final version of the test. The analysis of an ASVAB test form…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Multiple Choice Tests, Test Items, Computation