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The Case for a Dual-Process Theory of Transitive Reasoning
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Wright, Barlow C. – Developmental Review, 2012
Ever since its popularisation by Piaget around 60 years ago, transitive reasoning (deductively-inferring A greater than C from premises A greater than B and B greater than C) has been of psychological interest both as a mental phenomenon and as a tool in areas of psychological discourse. However, the focus of interest in it has shifted…
Descriptors: Models, Schizophrenia, Learning Disabilities, Measurement
Epistemic Trust: Modeling Children's Reasoning about Others' Knowledge and Intent
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Shafto, Patrick; Eaves, Baxter; Navarro, Daniel J.; Perfors, Amy – Developmental Science, 2012
A core assumption of many theories of development is that children can learn indirectly from other people. However, indirect experience (or testimony) is not constrained to provide veridical information. As a result, if children are to capitalize on this source of knowledge, they must be able to infer who is trustworthy and who is not. How might a…
Descriptors: Trust (Psychology), Models, Familiarity, Inferences
Infants Can Infer the Presence of Hidden Objects from Referential Gaze Information
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Csibra, Gergely; Volein, Agnes – British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2008
Infants' apparent failure in gaze-following tasks is often interpreted as a sign of lack of understanding the referential nature of looking. In the present study, 8- and 12-month-old infants followed the gaze of a model to one of two locations hidden from their view by occluders. When the occluders were removed, an object was revealed either at…
Descriptors: Object Permanence, Infants, Toddlers, Eye Movements
Do Development and Learning Really Decrease Memory? On Similarity and Category-Based Induction in Adults and Children
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Wilburn, Catherine; Feeney, Aidan – Cognition, 2008
In a recently published study, Sloutsky and Fisher [Sloutsky, V. M., & Fisher, A.V. (2004a). When development and learning decrease memory: Evidence against category-based induction in children. "Psychological Science", 15, 553-558; Sloutsky, V. M., & Fisher, A. V. (2004b). Induction and categorization in young children: A similarity-based model.…
Descriptors: Recognition (Psychology), Logical Thinking, Classification, Experimental Psychology
Reconceptualizing the Transitive Inference Ability: A Framework for Existing and Future Research.
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Wright, Barlow C. – Developmental Review, 2001
Suggests an account of transitivity and transitive inferential reasoning differing from classic Piagetian and current information processing accounts. Postulates a three-component psychological system, with components relying on perceptual, linguistic, and conceptual subprocesses and sensitivity to simple cues. Maintains that the framework is…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Child Development, Children, Cognitive Development
Symbols and Similarity: You Can Get Too Much of a Good Thing
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DeLoache, Judy S.; Sharon, Tanya – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2005
Surface similarity generally promotes reasoning by analogy and physical similarity has been shown to have a powerful positive effect on very young children's use of a scale model as a source of information about another space. The research reported here investigated 2 1/2-year-old children's performance in an object retrieval task when asked to…
Descriptors: Transfer of Training, Inferences, Cognitive Development, Logical Thinking