Discusses redirecting research on teaching from an emphasis on how classrooms function to why they function in particular ways, based on a reformulation of the concept of "paradigm" as applied to teaching. Suggests two strategic areas for investigation of functional paradigms. Addresses the issue of perpetuating established paradigms.…

Classroom observation is an integral part of teacher preparation. The observer must enter the classroom with a frame-of-reference: knowledge of the teacher's goals and objectives, awareness of the climate of the classroom, and knowledge of the discipline. Observation forms to objectively record classroom interaction, assess the learning climate,…