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Showing 1 to 15 of 78 results Save | Export
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Zelazo, Philip David; Carlson, Stephanie M. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2023
Executive function (EF) skills are a set of attention-regulation skills involved in intentional, goal-directed behavior that include (but are not limited to) the cool EF skills of working memory, cognitive flexibility, and inhibitory control, and also the hot EF skill of intentional reevaluation. These skills are inevitably expressed in goal- and…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Inhibition
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Jones, Samuel David; Brandt, Silke – Cognitive Science, 2020
High phonological neighborhood density has been associated with both advantages and disadvantages in early word learning. High density may support the formation and fine-tuning of new word sound memories--a process termed lexical configuration (e.g., Storkel, 2004). However, new high-density words are also more likely to be misunderstood as…
Descriptors: Emergent Literacy, Vocabulary Development, Toddlers, Phonology
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Testolin, Alberto; Stoianov, Ivilin; Sperduti, Alessandro; Zorzi, Marco – Cognitive Science, 2016
Learning the structure of event sequences is a ubiquitous problem in cognition and particularly in language. One possible solution is to learn a probabilistic generative model of sequences that allows making predictions about upcoming events. Though appealing from a neurobiological standpoint, this approach is typically not pursued in…
Descriptors: Orthographic Symbols, Neurological Organization, Models, Probability
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Poulton, Alison; Whale, Samina; Robinson, Joanne – Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools, 2016
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequently associated with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). The Mental Effort Reward Imbalances Model (MERIM) explains this observational association as follows: in ADHD a disproportionate level of mental effort is required for sustaining concentration for achievement; in ODD the subjective…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Models, Positive Reinforcement, Neuropsychology
Lancia, Kathleen A. St. Peters – ProQuest LLC, 2013
To best meet the needs of an increasingly diverse student population, we must develop an integrative writing pedagogy that is informed by what the cognitive and neurosciences have uncovered about learning so that our theories of learning and practices of instruction are consistent with our most current and accurate knowledge of the biological and…
Descriptors: Writing Instruction, Writing (Composition), Learning Theories, Brain
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Oros, Nicolas; Chiba, Andrea A.; Nitz, Douglas A.; Krichmar, Jeffrey L. – Learning & Memory, 2014
Learning to ignore irrelevant stimuli is essential to achieving efficient and fluid attention, and serves as the complement to increasing attention to relevant stimuli. The different cholinergic (ACh) subsystems within the basal forebrain regulate attention in distinct but complementary ways. ACh projections from the substantia innominata/nucleus…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Cognitive Processes, Attention, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Schroder, Tobias; Thagard, Paul – Psychological Review, 2013
The priming of concepts has been shown to influence peoples' subsequent actions, often unconsciously. We propose 3 mechanisms (psychological, cultural, and biological) as a unified explanation of such effects. (a) Primed concepts influence holistic representations of situations by parallel constraint satisfaction. (b) The constraints among…
Descriptors: Social Behavior, Priming, Cognitive Processes, Psychological Patterns
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Dodd, Graham D. – Asia-Pacific Journal of Health, Sport and Physical Education, 2015
The unrealised and under-estimated value of human motion in human development, functioning and learning is the central cause for its devaluation in Australian society. This paper provides a greater insight into why human motion has high value and should be utilised more in advocacy and implementation in health and education, particularly school…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Physical Education, Health Education, Motion
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Cooper, Richard P.; Catmur, Caroline; Heyes, Cecilia – Cognitive Science, 2013
Automatic imitation or "imitative compatibility" is thought to be mediated by the mirror neuron system and to be a laboratory model of the motor mimicry that occurs spontaneously in naturalistic social interaction. Imitative compatibility and spatial compatibility effects are known to depend on different stimulus dimensions--body…
Descriptors: Imitation, Spatial Ability, Cognitive Processes, Stimuli
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Wang, Szu-Han; Tse, Dorothy; Morris, Richard G. M. – Learning & Memory, 2012
In humans and in animals, mental schemas can store information within an associative framework that enables rapid and efficient assimilation of new information. Using a hippocampal-dependent paired-associate task, we now report that the anterior cingulate cortex is part of a neocortical network of schema storage with NMDA receptor-mediated…
Descriptors: Animals, Learning Processes, Human Body, Brain
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Takac, Martin; Benuskova, Lubica; Knott, Alistair – Cognition, 2012
In this article we present a neural network model of sentence generation. The network has both technical and conceptual innovations. Its main technical novelty is in its semantic representations: the messages which form the input to the network are structured as sequences, so that message elements are delivered to the network one at a time. Rather…
Descriptors: Semantics, Language Acquisition, Sentences, Cognitive Mapping
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Anderson, John R.; Bothell, Daniel; Fincham, Jon M.; Anderson, Abraham R.; Poole, Ben; Qin, Yulin – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2011
Part- and whole-task conditions were created by manipulating the presence of certain components of the Space Fortress video game. A cognitive model was created for two-part games that could be combined into a model that performed the whole game. The model generated predictions both for behavioral patterns and activation patterns in various brain…
Descriptors: Video Games, Brain, Neurological Organization, Models
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Steinbrink, Claudia; Groth, Katarina; Lachmann, Thomas; Riecker, Axel – Brain and Language, 2012
This fMRI study investigated phonological vs. auditory temporal processing in developmental dyslexia by means of a German vowel length discrimination paradigm (Groth, Lachmann, Riecker, Muthmann, & Steinbrink, 2011). Behavioral and fMRI data were collected from dyslexics and controls while performing same-different judgments of vowel duration in…
Descriptors: Vowels, Dyslexia, German, Investigations
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Kello, Christopher T. – Psychological Review, 2013
It is now well-established that intrinsic variations in human neural and behavioral activity tend to exhibit scaling laws in their fluctuations and distributions. The meaning of these scaling laws is an ongoing matter of debate between isolable causes versus pervasive causes. A spiking neural network model is presented that self-tunes to critical…
Descriptors: Cognitive Science, Scaling, Neurological Organization, Cognitive Processes
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Weisz, Victoria I.; Argibay, Pablo F. – Cognition, 2012
In contrast to models and theories that relate adult neurogenesis with the processes of learning and memory, almost no solid hypotheses have been formulated that involve a possible neurocomputational influence of adult neurogenesis on forgetting. Based on data from a previous study that implemented a simple but complete model of the main…
Descriptors: Neurology, Memory, Adults, Neurological Organization
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