Conflicting explanations and unrelated information in science classrooms increase cognitive load and decrease efficiency in learning. This reduced efficiency ultimately limits one's ability to solve reasoning problems in the science. In reasoning, it is the ability of students to sift through and identify critical pieces of information that is of…

Heuristics embodying limited information search and noncompensatory processing of information can yield robust performance relative to computationally more complex models. One criticism raised against heuristics is the argument that complexity is hidden in the calculation of the cue order used to make predictions. We discuss ways to order cues…

Analyzes the amount of compression possible when arithmetic coding is used for text compression in conjunction with various input models. Algorithms are analyzed; modeling effects are considered; scaling is discussed; higher order models are examined, including prediction by partial matching; and coding effects are described. (34 references) (LRW)

An explicit model of the process of quantification which involves the operations of subitizing and counting is described. The general model states that quantification of n items takes place via subitizing when n is less than five and via subitizing and addition (that is, counting) when n is five or larger. The explicit model is stated in the form…

Experiments dealing with quantification processes in adults were run as part of an attempt to formulate an information processing model of cognitive development. The existence of three quantification operators--subitizing, counting and estimation--was first postulated. Experiments were then designed to refine the parameters which define the…

The Latent Semantic Indexing and MatchPlus systems examine similar contexts in which words appear and create representational models that capture the similarity of meaning of terms and then use the representation for retrieval. Text Retrieval Conference experiments using these systems demonstrate the computational feasibility of using…

This investigation capitalizes upon the information processing models that depend upon measurement of latency of response to a mathematical problem and the decomposition of reaction time (RT). Simple two term addition problems were presented with possible solutions for true-false verification, and accuracy and RT to response were recorded. Total…