Since near the very beginning of electronic computing, Monte Carlo particle transport has been a fundamental approach for solving computational physics problems. Due to the high computational demands and inherently parallel nature of these applications, Monte Carlo transport applications are often performed in the supercomputing environment. That…

Presents a simple matrix that is used for budgeting the machine time, people, and equipment necessary to maintain and enhance administrative systems as well as to develop new systems in an organized fashion. (Author)

Provides a brief description of the University of Iowa (including the computing setting) and lessons learned while implementing an information technology plan. Such implementation considerations as sponsorship of effort, community involvement, and strategic choices are discussed. Refinements of the initial strategy are also considered. (JN)

Intelligent relationships with people are among the goals for tomorrow's computers. Knowledge-based systems used and being developed to achieve these goals are discussed. Automatic learning, producing inferences, parallelism, program languages, friendly machines, computer vision, and biomodels are among the topics considered. (JN)

A broad range of well-structured problems--embracing forms of diagnosis, catalog selection, and skeletal planning--are solved in expert computer systems by the method of heuristic classification. These programs have a characteristic inference structure that systematically relates data to a pre-enumerated set of solutions by abstraction, heuristic…

The use of computers to build diagnostic inferences is presented in two contexts: (1) closed world, exemplified by the space shuttle launch monitoring system; and (2) open world, represented by computerized diagnostic testing of reading comprehension. The analysis shows that the closed world provides a substantially cleaner environment within…

The problem of structuring sequences of instructional stimuli such that learning is optimized is modelled as a sequential decision problem with an imbedded mathematical model of learning providing a criterion function. Three types of optimization methods for such a representation are investigated for the specific case of paired-associate learning…

Society and education are changing rapidly, and since computers are playing a significant role in these changes it is imperative that secondary school teachers become more fully informed about computers. Computers are of interest to learners because they have led to new theoretical developments, such as automata theory, have many practical…

Nearly 150 papers presented at this conference, sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing, are included in this volume which surveys the state of the art of computer education. Nine papers provide an overview on such topics as computer science and mathematics, computer education in the 1970's, computers and the…

Technology is viewed as a significant independent variable of the organization, affecting the organizational task structure. Viewing the classroom as the unit of observation, a technological change is introduced in the form of electronic computers to teach mathematics. Organizational task structure is defined in terms of teacher-pupil interaction…

This book is developed from the proceedings of a symposium sponsored by the Office of Naval Research and the System Development Corporation. It presents a survey and a practical guide for formulating individual application requirements and forecasting future availability of data processing capabilities. Part I consists of seven articles covering…