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Kuan-Yu Jin; Wai-Lok Siu – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2025
Educational tests often have a cluster of items linked by a common stimulus ("testlet"). In such a design, the dependencies caused between items are called "testlet effects." In particular, the directional testlet effect (DTE) refers to a recursive influence whereby responses to earlier items can positively or negatively affect…
Descriptors: Models, Test Items, Educational Assessment, Scores
Ö. Emre C. Alagöz; Thorsten Meiser – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2024
To improve the validity of self-report measures, researchers should control for response style (RS) effects, which can be achieved with IRTree models. A traditional IRTree model considers a response as a combination of distinct decision-making processes, where the substantive trait affects the decision on response direction, while decisions about…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Validity, Self Evaluation (Individuals), Decision Making
Zhang, Mengxue; Heffernan, Neil; Lan, Andrew – International Educational Data Mining Society, 2023
Automated scoring of student responses to open-ended questions, including short-answer questions, has great potential to scale to a large number of responses. Recent approaches for automated scoring rely on supervised learning, i.e., training classifiers or fine-tuning language models on a small number of responses with human-provided score…
Descriptors: Scoring, Computer Assisted Testing, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Tests
Rao, Dhawaleswar; Saha, Sujan Kumar – IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 2020
Automatic multiple choice question (MCQ) generation from a text is a popular research area. MCQs are widely accepted for large-scale assessment in various domains and applications. However, manual generation of MCQs is expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, researchers have been attracted toward automatic MCQ generation since the late 90's.…
Descriptors: Multiple Choice Tests, Test Construction, Automation, Computer Software
Luo, Yong – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2018
Mplus is a powerful latent variable modeling software program that has become an increasingly popular choice for fitting complex item response theory models. In this short note, we demonstrate that the two-parameter logistic testlet model can be estimated as a constrained bifactor model in Mplus with three estimators encompassing limited- and…
Descriptors: Computer Software, Models, Statistical Analysis, Computation
Zhan, Peida; Jiao, Hong; Man, Kaiwen; Wang, Lijun – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2019
In this article, we systematically introduce the just another Gibbs sampler (JAGS) software program to fit common Bayesian cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) including the deterministic inputs, noisy "and" gate model; the deterministic inputs, noisy "or" gate model; the linear logistic model; the reduced reparameterized unified…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Computer Software, Models, Test Items
Torre, Jimmy de la; Akbay, Lokman – Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 2019
Purpose: Well-designed assessment methodologies and various cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) to extract diagnostic information about examinees' individual strengths and weaknesses have been developed. Due to this novelty, as well as educational specialists' lack of familiarity with CDMs, their applications are not widespread. This article aims at…
Descriptors: Cognitive Measurement, Models, Computer Software, Testing
Ravand, Hamdollah; Baghaei, Purya – International Journal of Testing, 2020
More than three decades after their introduction, diagnostic classification models (DCM) do not seem to have been implemented in educational systems for the purposes they were devised. Most DCM research is either methodological for model development and refinement or retrofitting to existing nondiagnostic tests and, in the latter case, basically…
Descriptors: Classification, Models, Diagnostic Tests, Test Construction
von Davier, Matthias; Tyack, Lillian; Khorramdel, Lale – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2023
Automated scoring of free drawings or images as responses has yet to be used in large-scale assessments of student achievement. In this study, we propose artificial neural networks to classify these types of graphical responses from a TIMSS 2019 item. We are comparing classification accuracy of convolutional and feed-forward approaches. Our…
Descriptors: Scoring, Networks, Artificial Intelligence, Elementary Secondary Education
Luo, Yong; Dimitrov, Dimiter M. – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2019
Plausible values can be used to either estimate population-level statistics or compute point estimates of latent variables. While it is well known that five plausible values are usually sufficient for accurate estimation of population-level statistics in large-scale surveys, the minimum number of plausible values needed to obtain accurate latent…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Monte Carlo Methods, Markov Processes, Outcome Measures
van Rijn, Peter W.; Ali, Usama S. – ETS Research Report Series, 2018
A computer program was developed to estimate speed-accuracy response models for dichotomous items. This report describes how the models are estimated and how to specify data and input files. An example using data from a listening section of an international language test is described to illustrate the modeling approach and features of the computer…
Descriptors: Computer Software, Computation, Reaction Time, Timed Tests
Chen, Binglin; West, Matthew; Ziles, Craig – International Educational Data Mining Society, 2018
This paper attempts to quantify the accuracy limit of "nextitem-correct" prediction by using numerical optimization to estimate the student's probability of getting each question correct given a complete sequence of item responses. This optimization is performed without an explicit parameterized model of student behavior, but with the…
Descriptors: Accuracy, Probability, Student Behavior, Test Items
Aybek, Eren Can; Demirtasli, R. Nukhet – International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 2017
This article aims to provide a theoretical framework for computerized adaptive tests (CAT) and item response theory models for polytomous items. Besides that, it aims to introduce the simulation and live CAT software to the related researchers. Computerized adaptive test algorithm, assumptions of item response theory models, nominal response…
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Testing, Adaptive Testing, Item Response Theory, Test Items
Yang, Ji Seung; Zheng, Xiaying – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2018
The purpose of this article is to introduce and review the capability and performance of the Stata item response theory (IRT) package that is available from Stata v.14, 2015. Using a simulated data set and a publicly available item response data set extracted from Programme of International Student Assessment, we review the IRT package from…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Item Analysis, Computer Software, Statistical Analysis
Debeer, Dries; Janssen, Rianne; De Boeck, Paul – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2017
When dealing with missing responses, two types of omissions can be discerned: items can be skipped or not reached by the test taker. When the occurrence of these omissions is related to the proficiency process the missingness is nonignorable. The purpose of this article is to present a tree-based IRT framework for modeling responses and omissions…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Test Items, Responses, Testing Problems